Imaging Observation with Multilayer Hard X-Ray Telescope

多层硬X射线望远镜被用来对上天堂遗迹、活动星系核、星系团等进行成像观测。这种类型的望远镜上的第一次气球飞行现在计划在2000年夏天。该光学系统类似于ASTRO-E卫星上多套复制品反射镜的掠入射配置。为了提高20-40keV的反射率，在反射面上沉积了铂碳超反射镜。我们已经演示了硬X射线望远镜的性能，并建立了用于建造飞行单元的多层超级反射镜的量产系统。气球实验的准备工作正在NASA/GSFC的合作下进行。获得了以下结果：1.复制镜的制作：PT复制品是沉积超级反射镜的最佳镜片衬底。我们需要2000个才能装一个完整的望远镜。超反射镜的制备与表征：采用直流和射频溅射的方法在复制品衬底上制备了PT/C超反射镜，并用旋转靶X射线发生器和Spring-8光束线对其进行了表征。位置灵敏硬X射线探测器的研制：NASA/GSFC致力于研制CdZnTe固体探测器，而我们则开始研制位置灵敏闪烁计数器。硬X射线望远镜的设计和建造：我们已经敲定了设计方法和望远镜外壳中的反射镜。获得了与ASTRO-E望远镜相当的成像质量。

Multilayer hard X-ray telescopes were developedfor imaging observations of supenava remnants , active galactic nuclei, clusters of galaxies and so on. The first balloon flight on board this type of telescope is now scheduled on summer, 2000. The optical system is similar to the grazing incidence configuration with multi-nested replica mirrors on board ASTRO-E satellite. In order to enhance the reflectivity in 20-40keV, Pt/C supermirrors were deposited on the reflecting surface. We have already demonstrated the performance of a hard X-ray telescope and established the mass production system of multilayer supermirrors for constructing the flight unit. The preparation of balloon experiment is going on with the collaboration of NASA/GSFC. Follwing results were obtained.1. Fablication of replica mirror : Pt replica is the best mirror substrate for the deposition of supermirrors. We need 2000 pieces for a complete telescope.2. Deposition and characterization of supermirrors : Pt/C supermirrors were deposited on replica substrates using DC ＆ RF sputtering method and chracterized with rotary-target X-ray generator and SPring-8 beamline.3. Development of position sensitive hard X-ray detector : NASA/GSFC worked on CdZnTe solid state detectors, whereas we started developing position sensitive scintillation counters.4. Design and construction of hard X-ray telescope : We have finalized the design method and and assmbled mirrors in telescope housing. The image quality was obtained to be comparable to that of ASTRO-E telescope.