Imaging Observation with Multilayer Hard X-Ray Telescope

多层硬X射线望远镜是为对超新星遗迹、活动星系核、星系团等进行成像观测而研制的，这种望远镜的首次气球飞行计划于2000年夏季进行。该光学系统类似于ASTRO-E卫星上具有多个嵌套复制镜的掠入射配置。为了提高20- 40 keV能量范围内的反射率，在反射面上沉积了Pt/C超反射镜。我们已经展示了硬X射线望远镜的性能，并建立了用于构建飞行单元的多层超反射镜的批量生产系统。气球实验的准备工作正在与美国航天局/地球科学基金会合作进行。获得以下结果.复制镜的制备：铂复制镜是制备超反射镜的最佳镜基。我们需要2000个零件来制造一个完整的望远镜。超反射镜的制备与表征：采用直流和射频溅射方法在复制基片上制备了Pt/C超反射镜，并利用旋转靶X射线发生器和SPring-8光束线对其进行了表征.位置敏感硬X射线探测器的开发：NASA/GSFC致力于CdZnTe固态探测器，而我们开始开发位置敏感闪烁计数器。硬X射线望远镜的设计与建造：我们已经确定了设计方法并在望远镜外壳中装配了镜子。获得的图像质量与ASTRO-E望远镜相当。

Multilayer hard X-ray telescopes were developedfor imaging observations of supenava remnants , active galactic nuclei, clusters of galaxies and so on. The first balloon flight on board this type of telescope is now scheduled on summer, 2000. The optical system is similar to the grazing incidence configuration with multi-nested replica mirrors on board ASTRO-E satellite. In order to enhance the reflectivity in 20-40keV, Pt/C supermirrors were deposited on the reflecting surface. We have already demonstrated the performance of a hard X-ray telescope and established the mass production system of multilayer supermirrors for constructing the flight unit. The preparation of balloon experiment is going on with the collaboration of NASA/GSFC. Follwing results were obtained.1. Fablication of replica mirror : Pt replica is the best mirror substrate for the deposition of supermirrors. We need 2000 pieces for a complete telescope.2. Deposition and characterization of supermirrors : Pt/C supermirrors were deposited on replica substrates using DC ＆ RF sputtering method and chracterized with rotary-target X-ray generator and SPring-8 beamline.3. Development of position sensitive hard X-ray detector : NASA/GSFC worked on CdZnTe solid state detectors, whereas we started developing position sensitive scintillation counters.4. Design and construction of hard X-ray telescope : We have finalized the design method and and assmbled mirrors in telescope housing. The image quality was obtained to be comparable to that of ASTRO-E telescope.