Development and morphological variation in Pongo pygmaeus

侏儒猩猩的发育和形态变异

• 批准号: 10041106
• 负责人: UCHIDA Akiko
• 金额: $ 0.51万
• 依托单位: Chiba University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10041106/
• 关键词: Pongo pygmaeus; Morphology; Development; Secondary sexual characteristics; 二次性徴

This research focused on the developmental patterns of crania, dentition, and postcrania among wild Pongo pygameus. Skeletal parts investigated in this study were as follows : tooth eruption and wear progress, cranial sutures, proximal and distal joints of long bones, clavicle, pelvis. As size variables, size of dentition, cranial, and long bones were also measured. Analysis of developmental stages of teeth and several skeletal joints revealed the several distinct aspects of orangutan development. Those are listed below.1. Development, maturing and aging of teeth, crania, postcrania occur more or less independently, especially in males. Therefore, the definition of adult should be done carefully. 2. Basal cranial suture (spheno-occipital synchondorosis) closes only after the completion of eruption of permanent dentition, and sometimes, molars show heavy wear by then. 3. The last postcranial parts to finish development are distal ends of forelimbs. The line of distal end of ulna and radius happens after the closure of basal cranial suture. Development, maturing and aging of crania and postcranial are supposed to be controlled by endocrinological factors which are in turn related probably with social behavior. In order to have better understanding of these interactions, it is necessary to carry out longitudinal study on captive orangutans in which morphological, endocrinological and behavioral variables should be studied at the same time. In addition, in order to approach the evolutionary, and adaptive significance of such developmental patterns of orangutans, a study of wild orangutans in which association between morphology and reproductive success is necessary.

本研究对野生Pongo Pigameus的颅骨、牙列和颅后颅骨的发育规律进行了研究。本研究调查的骨骼部位包括：牙齿萌出及磨损过程、颅缝、长骨近、远端关节、锁骨、骨盆。作为大小变量，还测量了牙列、颅骨和长骨的大小。对牙齿和几个骨骼关节发育阶段的分析揭示了猩猩发育的几个不同方面。这些都列在下面。牙齿的发育、成熟和老化、颅骨、颅后病变或多或少是独立发生的，尤其是在男性。因此，对成年人的界定应慎重。2.颅底缝合(蝶枕联合软骨分离)只有在恒牙列萌出完成后才关闭，有时磨牙会出现严重磨损。3.完成发育的最后一个颅后部分是前肢的远端。颅底缝合后，尺骨和桡骨远端连线形成。颅骨和颅后的发育、成熟和老化被认为是由内分泌因素控制的，而内分泌因素又可能与社会行为有关。为了更好地了解这些相互作用，有必要对圈养猩猩进行纵向研究，同时研究其形态、内分泌和行为变量。此外，为了探讨猩猩这种发育模式的进化和适应意义，有必要对野生猩猩进行研究，其中形态和繁殖成功之间的联系是必要的。