Testing Peer-led Network Intervention to Prevent Adolescent Vaping

测试同伴主导的网络干预措施以防止青少年吸电子烟

• 批准号: 10152572
• 负责人: Peter A Wyman
• 金额: $ 68.67万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-05-01 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10152572
• 关键词: Address; Adherence; Adolescent; Adult; Alcohol abuse; Behavior; Collaborations; Communication; Communities; Community based prevention; Data; Drug usage; Education; Educational Intervention; Effectiveness; Elements; Enrollment; Esthesia; Friends; Funding; Future; Goals; Government Agencies; Health; High School Student; Hybrids; Intervention; Interview; Learning Skill; Logic; Mediating; Mediation; Mediator of activation protein; Mental Health; Mentors; Modeling; Moods; New York; Peer Group; Perception; Prevention; Prevention program; Prevention trial; Problem behavior; Randomized; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Respiratory Signs and Symptoms; Risk; Schools; Science; Services; Site; Statistical Data Interpretation; Structure; Students; Substance abuse problem; Surgeon; Testing; Time; Tobacco use; Training; Waiting Lists; Youth; addiction; base; cohort; cost; design; educational atmosphere; effectiveness testing; efficacy implementation trial; efficacy research; efficacy testing; eighth grade; electronic vape; epidemiologic data; experience; experimental study; falls; high risk; high risk population; implementation barriers; implementation facilitators; implementation strategy; improved; informant; insight; junior high school; nicotine exposure; ninth grade; peer; peer networks; personal narratives; prevent; preventive intervention; programs; recruit; sex; skills; social; tenth grade; vaping; vaping nicotine

ABSTRACT Rates of adolescent vaping are increasing rapidly. Current high school student use of electronic vaping products (EVPs) rose from 1.5% in 2011 to 20.8% in 2018 – an increase from 220,000 to 3.05 million adolescent users. Vaping is associated with respiratory symptoms, and exposure to nicotine can act as a `gateway' to other drug use. Effective, school-based interventions are urgently needed to protect adolescents from initiating or continuing use of EVPs. A recent US Surgeon General's report identified no school or community based prevention program that reduces vaping behaviors among youth. This proposal takes advantage of a state-supported prevention initiative to test the efficacy of Above the Influence of Vaping (ATI- V). ATI-V trains peer nominated 8th-9th grade Peer Leader, and adult advisors. Peer Leaders learn skills and implement school-wide prevention campaigns informed by communication science. Preliminary data show that after training approximately 15% of 8th graders as Peer Leaders, who implemented school-wide campaigns, students who were friends of Peer leader had reduced vaping intentions and vaping behaviors 2nd semester of 8th grade. New York State has provided funds to support schools to implement ATI-V but no funds for efficacy research. With support from New York State and a strong team of investigators, our project has three aims: Aim 1. Efficacy. The primary aim of this study is to determine ATI-V impact in preventing vaping use (past 30 days any vaping, nicotine vaping, and regular use). Using an RCT design, 20 schools will be assigned to (a) immediate ATI-V, or (b) wait-list for ATI-V training after 24 months. Approximately 3,800 8th graders will be enrolled and followed for assessments in fall 8th grade, spring 8th grade, spring 9th grade, and mid-year 10th grade. We will test for which students ATI-V is most effective and in what school contexts (school climate). Aim 2. Mechanism. The second aim of this study to test the hypothesized mechanisms of ATI-V impact. To accomplish this aim we will conduct statistical analyses of a mediation model to determine (a) whether ATI-V improves students' perceptions that vaping is unacceptable to their peers (anti-vaping norms), connections to supportive adults to address EVP concerns, and social influence of non-vaping students; and (b) whether the impact of ATI-V on reduced vaping behavior is mediated by these improvements. Aim 3. Implementation (Exploratory). Our exploratory aim is to identify implementation barriers and facilitators by gathering qualitative data (observations, semi-structured interviews) from staff and students from a subset of high and low implementing schools. The purpose is to identify what implementation strategies and supports are needed for future schools to be successful in implementing ATI-V, if warranted by the study findings. If study hypotheses are supported, this study will provide, to our knowledge, the first evidence of a school-based prevention intervention that reduces adolescent vaping behaviors.

抽象的 青少年吸电子烟的比例正在迅速增加。目前高中生使用电子烟的情况 产品（EVP）从 2011 年的 1.5% 上升到 2018 年的 20.8%——从 22 万增加到 305 万 青少年用户。吸电子烟与呼吸道症状有关，接触尼古丁可以起到缓解呼吸道症状的作用。 其他药物使用的“门户”。迫切需要采取有效的、以学校为基础的干预措施来保护青少年 开始或继续使用 EVP。美国卫生局局长最近的一份报告指出，没有学校或 基于社区的预防计划，减少青少年的电子烟行为。该提案需要 利用国家支持的预防计划来测试“Above the Influence of Vaping”（ATI- 五）。 ATI-V 培训同伴提名的 8 至 9 年级同伴领袖和成人顾问。同行领袖学习技能并 在全校范围内开展以传播科学为基础的预防运动。初步数据显示 在将大约 15% 的八年级学生培训为同伴领袖并在全校范围内开展活动之后， 与同伴领导的朋友的学生在第二学期减少了吸电子烟的意图和行为 八年级。纽约州已提供资金支持学校实施 ATI-V，但没有资金用于提高效率 研究。在纽约州和强大的研究团队的支持下，我们的项目有三个目标： 目标1.功效。本研究的主要目的是确定 ATI-V 在防止电子烟使用方面的影响（过去 30 天任何电子烟、尼古丁电子烟和常规使用）。使用 RCT 设计，20 所学校将被分配到 (a) 立即 ATI-V，或 (b) 24 个月后等待 ATI-V 培训。大约 3,800 名八年级学生将参加 注册并跟踪 8 年级秋季、8 年级春季、9 年级春季和 10 年级中期评估 年级。我们将测试 ATI-V 对哪些学生最有效以及在什么学校环境（学校氛围）下最有效。 目标2.机制。本研究的第二个目的是测试 ATI-V 影响的假设机制。到 为了实现这一目标，我们将对中介模型进行统计分析，以确定 (a) ATI-V 是否 提高学生对同龄人不可接受电子烟的看法（反电子烟规范）、与 支持成年人解决 EVP 问题以及非电子烟学生的社会影响； (b) 是否 ATI-V 对减少电子烟行为的影响是通过这些改进来调节的。 目标 3：实施（探索性）。我们的探索性目标是找出实施障碍并 通过从教职员工和学生那里收集定性数据（观察、半结构化访谈）作为促进者 来自高和低实施学校的子集。目的是确定实施什么 如果有必要的话，未来的学校要成功实施 ATI-V，就需要策略和支持 研究结果。如果研究假设得到支持，据我们所知，这项研究将提供第一个 以学校为基础的预防干预措施可以减少青少年吸电子烟行为的证据。