Graphene optoelectronic biointerfaces for enabling optical cardiac pacemaking

用于实现光学心脏起搏的石墨烯光电生物界面

• 批准号: 10163905
• 负责人: IGOR R EFIMOV
• 金额: $ 12.59万
• 依托单位: GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-05-15 至 2022-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10163905
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Acute; Architecture; Arrhythmia; Biomedical Engineering; Cardiac; Cardiac Electrophysiologic Techniques; Cardiac Myocytes; Cardiac pacemaker; Cardiology; Cell membrane; Chronic; Cicatrix; Clinical; Complex; Custom; Devices; Effectiveness; Electric Countershock; Electric Stimulation; Electricity; Electrodes; Engineering; Ensure; Equipment; Exhibits; Family; Foundations; Future; Generations; Genetic; Heart; Heart Abnormalities; Home; Human; Implant; Life; Light; Mechanics; Mediating; Medical; Medical Device; Methods; Modeling; Modification; Myocardial Contraction; Nanotechnology; Nature; Optics; Organ; Pacemakers; Patients; Phase; Physiology; Procedures; Process; Property; Quality of life; Rattus; Security; Signal Transduction; Slice; Stimulus; Structure; System; Technology; Testing; Tissues; Wireless Technology; aging population; base; biocompatible polymer; biomaterial compatibility; cell type; clinical application; design; electric field; feasibility testing; functional group; graphene; heart function; heart rhythm; high reward; high risk; improved; in vivo; intercellular connection; miniaturize; novel; optogenetics; preservation

PROJECT SUMMARY Arrhythmia is a life-threatening condition that impacts the quality of life of millions of patients, and the number of arrhythmia patients is expected to increase in the aging population. For over 50 years, cardiac pacemakers have been implanted into patients' hearts to deliver electrical stimuli to induce the heart contractions at the desired rate. Electrical pacemakers underwent dramatic improvements over the years, but some of their inherent properties related to the electrical nature of their modus of operandi will always create problems that cannot be overcome by further improvements. Among these problems are tissue scarring due to electrochemical processes at the electrode-tissue interface, and the incompatibility with the long list of medical procedures, airport security equipment, and some home appliances. Our project aims to develop an alternative cardiac pacemaker using optical rather than electrical stimulation. This device will be aided by a novel graphene-mediated optical stimulation technology that relies on unique optoelectronic properties of graphene to convert light into electricity and induce the changes in the electrical field across the cardiac cell membrane. This technology combined with an implantable wireless miniaturized LED system is expected to lay the foundation for the new generation of cardiac pacemakers. This feasibility project represents a medium risk / high reward study offering a revolutionary nanotechnology-driven bioengineering solution that is expected to significantly improve existing medical devices for correcting the abnormal heart rhythm. This approach could also be extended beyond cardiology.

项目摘要 心律失常是一种危及生命的疾病，影响数百万患者的生活质量， 预期心律失常患者的数量在老龄化人口中会增加。50多年来 心脏起搏器已经被植入到患者的心脏中，以递送电刺激来诱导心脏起搏。 心脏以所需的速率收缩。电子心脏起搏器经历了戏剧性的改进， 多年来，但他们的一些固有属性有关的电气性质，他们的运作方式将 总是产生无法通过进一步改进来克服的问题。这些问题包括 由于电极-组织界面处的电化学过程引起的组织瘢痕，以及不相容性 一长串的医疗程序，机场安全设备和一些家用电器。 我们的项目旨在开发一种替代性的心脏起搏器， 刺激.该设备将得到一种新型石墨烯介导的光学刺激技术的帮助， 依靠石墨烯独特的光电特性将光转化为电， 心脏细胞膜上电场的变化。这项技术结合了 植入式无线小型化LED系统有望为新一代LED照明奠定基础。 心脏起搏器 该可行性项目是一项中等风险/高回报的研究， 纳米技术驱动的生物工程解决方案，预计将显着改善现有医疗 用于纠正异常心律的装置。这种方法还可以扩展到 心脏病学