Occupational Exposure and Health Risk from Dairy Microbiome and Resistome to Dairy Farm Workers

乳制品微生物组和 Resistome 对奶牛场工人的职业暴露和健康风险

• 批准号: 10165408
• 负责人: Gautam Dantas
• 金额: $ 48.85万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-01 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10165408
• 关键词: Occupational; Exposure; Health; Risk; Dairy

PROJECT SUMMARY Over the last four decades, biological and chemical modifiers have increased agricultural production in the US. Most US dairy producers administer sub-therapeutic, prophylactic doses of antimicrobials to their cows to enhance animal growth and prevent communal infectious diseases. This antimicrobial use risks the emergence of transmissible antibiotic-resistant bacteria in cows that can spread to dairy farmers via occupational exposure. We propose to define and compare the nasal microbiomes, gut microbiomes, and antimicrobial resistance genes of dairy workers and their cows to investigate potential harmful or beneficial effects on dairy farmers. Our proposal’s rationale is that occupational exposure of dairy farm workers to antimicrobial resistance genes and transmissible resistant bacteria via dairy cows is unknown. Our proposal’s central motivation is to understand the potential harmful or beneficial effects of dairy farm exposure on dairy farmers. Guided by strong preliminary data, this proposal pursues four aims. In aim one, we will characterize the nasal and gut microbiomes of dairy cows, dairy farmers, and office workers, testing the hypothesis that dairy farmers and dairy cows have a shared microbiome composition that differs from office workers’ microbiome composition. In aim two, we will quantitatively assess temporal changes in microbial communities, virulence factors, and resistomes between dairy cows and dairy farmers and develop computational models to identify risk factors associated with seasonal influenza and gastrointestinal symptoms, testing the hypothesis that nasal and fecal communities of dairy cows and dairy farmers will share resistance genes and virulence factors. In aim three, we will understand and predict the temporal transmission dynamics of antimicrobial resistance genes between dairy cows and dairy farmers, testing the hypothesis that antibiotic resistance genes present in dairy cows will be reflected in dairy farmers they are in contact with. In aim four we will understand the conception and behaviors of dairy farmers regarding the shared dairy cow and dairy farmer microbiome, testing the hypothesis that dairy farmers have incomplete knowledge of the occupational hazard posed by antimicrobial resistant organisms, but are willing to learn about these risks and take steps to mitigate them. Our proposal is innovative with its involvement of a cross-disciplinary team of researchers to focus state-of-the- art tools on the understudied public health problem of dairy cow to dairy farmer antimicrobial resistant organism transmission. Our proposal is significant because it will 1) improve our understanding of shared vs unique components of microbiome and resistome between dairy cows, dairy farmers and office workers, 2) enhance our knowledge on the impact of current use practices in dairy industry on AMR transmission and its potential risk to farm workers. Our proposal is impactful because it will provide specific avenues for communication of risk mitigation strategies to dairy farmers to reduce transmission of antibiotic resistant organisms and it will provide a general template for other agricultural livestock-worker combinations.

项目概要 在过去的四十年中，生物和化学改良剂增加了美国的农业产量。 大多数美国乳制品生产商给奶牛施用亚治疗、预防剂量的抗菌剂，以 促进动物生长，预防公共传染病。这种抗菌药物的使用有可能出现 奶牛体内可传播的抗生素抗性细菌可通过职业传播给奶农 接触。我们建议定义和比较鼻微生物组、肠道微生物组和抗菌药物 奶牛工人及其奶牛的抗性基因，以研究对奶制品的潜在有害或有益影响 农民。我们提案的基本原理是奶牛场工人职业接触抗菌药物 抗性基因和通过奶牛传播的抗性细菌尚不清楚。我们建议的核心 动机是了解奶牛场暴露对奶农的潜在有害或有益影响。 在强有力的初步数据的指导下，该提案追求四个目标。在目标一中，我们将描述鼻部的特征 以及奶牛、奶农和办公室工作人员的肠道微生物组，检验了乳制品的假设 农民和奶牛具有共同的微生物组组成，与办公室工作人员的微生物组不同 作品。在目标二中，我们将定量评估微生物群落的时间变化、毒力 奶牛和奶农之间的因素和耐药性，并开发计算模型来识别 与季节性流感和胃肠道症状相关的危险因素，检验以下假设： 奶牛和奶农的鼻腔和粪便群落将共享抗性基因和毒力因子。 在目标三中，我们将了解并预测抗菌素耐药性的时间传播动态 奶牛和奶农之间的基因，检验抗生素抗性基因存在的假设 奶牛的健康状况会反映在他们所接触的奶农身上。在目标四中，我们将了解 奶农对共享奶牛和奶农微生物群的概念和行为， 检验奶农对职业危害的了解不完全的假设 耐药微生物，但愿意了解这些风险并采取措施减轻风险。 我们的提案具有创新性，涉及跨学科的研究人员团队，以关注最新的情况 关于奶牛对奶农抗菌素耐药性的未充分研究的公共卫生问题的艺术工具 有机体传播。我们的建议很重要，因为它将 1）提高我们对共享与共享的理解 奶牛、奶农和上班族之间微生物组和耐药组的独特成分，2) 增强我们对乳制品行业当前使用实践对抗菌素耐药性传播及其影响的了解 对农场工人的潜在风险。我们的提案具有影响力，因为它将提供具体的途径 向奶农传达风险缓解策略，以减少抗生素耐药性的传播 生物体，它将为其他农业畜牧业工人组合提供通用模板。