San Francisco Bay Clinical Trial Unit: Expanding COVID-19 Testing in Heavily Impacted Communities in San Francisco

旧金山湾临床试验单位：在旧金山受影响严重的社区扩大 COVID-19 测试

• 批准号: 10166243
• 负责人: Susan Buchbinder
• 金额: $ 60万
• 依托单位: PUBLIC HEALTH FOUNDATION ENTERPRISES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-06-15 至 2021-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10166243
• 关键词: 2019-nCoV; Area; COVID-19; COVID-19 pandemic; COVID-19 vaccine; Cessation of life; Cities; Clinical Trials Unit; Communities; Diagnosis; Disease; Disease Outbreaks; Epidemic; Event; Healthcare; Human immunodeficiency virus test; Infection; Mission; Neighborhoods; Persons; Populations at Risk; Research; San Francisco; Site; Testing; Therapeutic Intervention; Time; United States; Virus; clinical research site; racial and ethnic disparities; transmission process; treatment trial; vaccine trial

Project Summary/Abstract As of mid-May, 2020, severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes COVID-19 disease, has been diagnosed in more than 1.3 million persons in the United States and accounted for more than 80,000 US deaths. Identifying persons infected with SARS-CoV-2 before they present to health care can reduce transmission and flatten the epidemic curve. The San Francisco Bay Area was particularly hard hit early in the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, and like many parts of the United States, has substantial racial/ethnic disparities in the distribution of cases of COVID-19 in the City. The eastern parts of the City have the highest case rates, with most heavily impacted communities including the Mission, Bayview and Sunnydale neighborhoods, and the Tenderloin, but relatively few COVID-19 testing sites exist there. In addition, outbreaks have been occurring in congregate living situations in San Francisco, where testing can be difficult to perform. We plan to increase SARS-CoV-2 testing through 2 low-barrier testing approaches to identify previously undiagnosed persons. First, we will use a mobile testing unit to reach persons in facilities and neighborhoods where COVID-19 rates are high. Second, we will conduct testing through a community mobilization event in a heavily impacted neighborhood in the southeast San Francisco, testing more than 3000 persons over a four-day time period. We will integrate HIV testing into SARS-CoV-2 testing, as rates of HIV testing have dramatically declined since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, and there is substantial overlap in the populations at risk of both types of infection. These activities will have the additional benefit of increasing capacity at the 2 Clinical Research Sites of the San Francisco Bay Clinical Trials Unit to conduct COVID-19 research, including trials of vaccines and therapeutic interventions.

项目概要/摘要 截至 2020 年 5 月中旬，严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2），该病毒 导致 COVID-19 疾病，已在美国超过 130 万人中被诊断出来，并且 导致美国超过 80,000 人死亡。在感染 SARS-CoV-2 之前识别出他们 提供医疗保健可以减少传播并拉平流行曲线。旧金山湾 与许多地区一样，该地区在美国 COVID-19 大流行初期受到的打击尤其严重 美国的 COVID-19 病例分布存在巨大的种族/民族差异 城市。该市东部地区发病率最高，受影响最严重 包括 Mission、Bayview 和 Sunnydale 社区以及 Tenderloin 社区，但是 那里的 COVID-19 检测点相对较少。此外，疫情已在以下地区发生： 旧金山的聚集生活环境，在那里进行测试可能很困难。我们计划 通过 2 种低门槛检测方法增加 SARS-CoV-2 检测，以识别先前的情况 未确诊者。首先，我们将使用移动测试装置来接触设施中的人员和 COVID-19 发病率较高的社区。其次，我们会通过社区进行测试 在旧金山东南部受影响严重的社区举行的动员活动，测试了更多 四天内超过 3000 人。我们将把 HIV 检测整合到 SARS-CoV-2 检测中，因为 自 COVID-19 大流行开始以来，HIV 检测率急剧下降，并且 两种类型感染风险的人群有很大重叠。这些活动将有 增加旧金山湾临床中心 2 个临床研究中心容量的额外好处 试验部门开展 COVID-19 研究，包括疫苗和治疗干预试验。