Neurobehavioral Plasticity to Regular Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake; An fMRI Experiment

常规含糖饮料摄入量的神经行为可塑性；

• 批准号: 10197896
• 负责人: Kyle S. Burger
• 金额: $ 42.92万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-08-01 至 2024-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10197896
• 关键词: Address; Alleles; American; Attenuated; Base of the Brain; Behavior; Behavioral; Beverages; Body Weight Changes; Body mass index; Brain; Consumption; Control Groups; Corpus striatum structure; Cross-Sectional Studies; Cues; Data; Dopamine; Eating; Eating Behavior; Energy Intake; Extinction (Psychology); Food; Food Policy; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Goals; Habits; Human; Individual; Individual Differences; Intake; Knowledge; Learning; Link; Maintenance; Measures; Methodology; Modeling; Obesity; Observational Study; Opioid; Overweight; Parietal; Pattern; Perception; Positive Reinforcements; Predictive Factor; Prevention program; Randomized; Randomized Controlled Trials; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Rewards; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Specific qualifier value; Specificity; Stimulus; Testing; Weight; Weight Gain; attentional bias; behavioral disinhibition; daily functioning; design; experimental study; improved; moderate obesity; multimodality; neural correlate; neurobehavioral; neurobehavioral test; neuroimaging; novel; obesity prevention; post intervention; precedence effect; preclinical study; protective factors; relating to nervous system; response; sugar; sweetened beverage; theories; young adult

SUMMARY The proposed project address critical gaps in the understanding of the strength, specificity and persistence of neurobehavioral adaptions that occur in the initial period of repeated consumption of a branded sugar sweetened beverage (SSB). Half of Americans consume SSBs on any given day1. Regular SSB intake is considered a contributing factor to excess energy intake, weight gain, and obesity2–4, which impacts 70% of Americans5. A contributing factor to repeated SSB consumption is sugar intake causes to the release of dopamine (DA) and opioids in the striatum6, providing positive reinforcement. As such, multiple brain-based models of food reward-driven obesity have been proposed, largely focusing on the striatum and executive functioning7–14. These brain-based models of obesity have elucidated risk factors for overconsumption of high- sugar foods; however, data supporting these competing models rely heavily on observational studies in small samples. Importantly, previous reports from our lab and others directly implicate eating behavior patterns as a vital contributor to aberrant neurobehavioral responses to food stimuli. However, without experimental evidence, there are fundamental gaps in our knowledge about the neurobehavioral adaptations that occur as an individual begins to regularly consume a SSB prior to weight change. As observational data suggest, it is also crucial to examine individual difference factors that may exacerbate or protect against adaptations associated with regular SSB intake, as well as whether these adaptions are specific. As such, we completed a small, randomized controlled trial that assigned daily consumption of SSBs over 21 days. Results supported the hypothesis that regular SSB intake results in specified neural, behavioral, and perceptual adaptions that may increase risk for habitual consumption. To confirm and expand these preliminary data, we will randomly assign 230 young adults (18-28 years old, BMI 18-34) to consume branded versions of either flavored SSBs or unsweetened, flavored beverages daily for 3 weeks. Aim 1 will investigate specific neurobehavioral effects of repeated intake of novel SSB and logo exposure relative to unsweetened, flavored control beverages/logos, allowing for the direct test of the impact of regular high sugar beverage intake. Aim 2 will test whether individual difference factors previously implicated in obesity (e.g., overweight, SSB consumption, genetic predisposition for compromised DA functioning, Pavlovian learning) moderate the neurobehavioral response patterns as a function of daily SSB intake. This will allow us to identify exacerbating and/or protective factors of neurobehavioral adaptions as an individual begins to regularly consume a SSB. Aim 3 will examine group- and individual-level differences in extinction effects resulting from cessation of daily SSB intake, which will allow for a greater understanding of the persistence of adaptations once the beverage is removed. Collectively, these aims provide a robust examination of adaptations to regular intake of a branded SSB that promise to meaningfully advance the understanding of the maintenance and escalation of sugar intake.

概括 拟议的项目解决了对强度、特异性和持久性的理解方面的关键差距 重复食用品牌糖初期发生的神经行为适应 甜饮料（SSB）。一半的美国人每天都会食用 SSB1。常规 SSB 摄入量为 被认为是导致能量摄入过多、体重增加和肥胖的一个因素2-4，这影响了 70% 的人 美国人5.重复食用 SSB 的一个因素是糖的摄入导致释放 纹状体中的多巴胺 (DA) 和阿片类药物6，提供正强化。因此，基于多个大脑的 已经提出了食物奖励驱动的肥胖模型，主要集中在纹状体和执行层 功能7-14。这些基于大脑的肥胖模型阐明了过度消费高热量食物的危险因素。 糖类食品；然而，支持这些竞争模型的数据在很大程度上依赖于小规模的观察研究 样品。重要的是，我们实验室和其他人之前的报告直接暗示饮食行为模式是一种 对食物刺激的异常神经行为反应的重要贡献者。然而，在没有实验的情况下 证据表明，我们对神经行为适应的认识存在根本差距 一个人在体重改变之前开始定期食用 SSB。正如观测数据表明的那样， 对于检查可能加剧或防止适应的个体差异因素也至关重要 与定期 SSB 摄入相关，以及这些适应是否具有特异性。就这样，我们完成了一个 小型随机对照试验指定了 21 天内每日 SSB 的消耗量。结果支持 假设定期摄入 SSB 会导致特定的神经、行为和知觉适应， 可能会增加习惯性消费的风险。为了确认和扩展这些初步数据，我们将随机 指定 230 名年轻人（18-28 岁，BMI 18-34）食用品牌版本的调味 SSB 或 每天饮用不加糖的调味饮料，持续三周。目标 1 将研究特定的神经行为影响 相对于不加糖、调味的对照饮料/标志，重复摄入新型 SSB 和标志暴露， 允许直接测试定期摄入高糖饮料的影响。目标 2 将测试是否 先前与肥胖有关的个体差异因素（例如超重、SSB 消耗、遗传 DA 功能受损的倾向（巴甫洛夫学习）调节神经行为反应 模式作为每日 SSB 摄入量的函数。这将使我们能够识别恶化和/或保护因素 当个体开始定期食用 SSB 时，神经行为适应。目标 3 将检查小组和 停止每日 SSB 摄入导致的灭绝效应存在个体水平差异，这将允许 更好地了解饮料去除后适应性的持续性。总的来说，这些 目标对定期摄入品牌 SSB 的适应性进行了强有力的检查，承诺 有意义地增进对糖摄入量维持和增加的理解。

项目成果

Body mass variability is represented by distinct functional connectivity patterns.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.06.082
• 发表时间: 2018-11-01
• 期刊: NEUROIMAGE
• 影响因子: 5.7
• 作者: Sadler, Jennifer R.;Shearrer, Grace E.;Burger, Kyle S.
• 通讯作者: Burger, Kyle S.