Innovative Family Prevention with Latino Siblings in Disadvantaged Settings

项目摘要 到2050年，35%的美国儿童将是拉丁裔1，这些年轻人将在美国公立学校中达到2800万2。 拉丁裔青年在贫困中长大的风险不成比例， 学校，并暴露于与他们的少数民族身份相关的压力源3;4.但他们在-- 在预防科学中的代表5;6.当被纳入试验时，拉丁美洲人的招募率很低， 潴留然而，以证据为基础的家庭方案7 -9旨在加强保护因素（人际和 社会情感能力;积极的家庭动态）可以缓冲环境的负面影响。 逆境10;11.因此，确定有效的方案，可以成功地使青年和家长参与， 经济上处于不利地位的环境对拉丁美洲青年、他们的家庭和国家至关重要。的 拟议的项目测试一个创新的，以家庭为重点的方案的有效性，特别是（SIBS）， 它侧重于兄弟姐妹关系和兄弟姐妹的养育作为变革的协同目标，以促进 积极的人际家庭动态以及父母和青少年的心理和行为健康， 存在这一转化工作建立在强有力的理论和经验前提之上，包括一个成功的试点项目 研究12.采用严格的设计和测量方法，目的是：（a）测试SIBS的功效， 通过每周12次课后兄弟姐妹会议和3次家庭之夜在熟悉的小学进行 设置，相对于接触等效注意力控制条件;以及（B）测试文化资源是否 （家庭主义价值观），社会文化风险，和兄弟姐妹二分体特征（出生顺序，兄弟姐妹性别，兄弟姐妹 二分体性别星座）中等程序功效。墨西哥血统的兄弟姐妹（5年级及以下） 兄弟姐妹; N = 384对）和父母将从经济困难的小学招募 并在学校内随机分配到干预或接触等效的注意力控制条件。 将在试验前、试验后和18个月随访时进行评估，包括：（a） 与家长和目标兄弟姐妹的访谈/调查;（B）教师评级和学校成绩;以及（c）每日日记 从目标同胞中连续8天收集数据。该项目将测试项目对短期和长期的影响。 长期结果，包括兄弟姐妹的社会情感技能和调整，学校参与和 成就，日常积极和消极的幸福感，家庭关系质量，兄弟姐妹和父母的 全球心理健康拉丁美洲/墨西哥裔人口的规模和增长13，加上 他们生活在经济上处于不利地位的环境中的风险不成比例3;4使他们成为一个理想的目标， 采用基于家庭的创新办法，运用传播原则加强征聘和留用工作。 研究结果将通过确定一个有效的计划来推进预防科学， 资产，以促进积极的家庭动态和心理社会福祉之间的拉丁美洲人，包括通过 纳入对干预目标和成果的日常衡量，以确定 节目效果。

PROJECT SUMMARY By 2050, 35% of US children will be Latino1, and these youth will number 28 million in the US public schools2. Latino youth are at disproportionate risk for growing up in poverty, attending economically disadvantaged schools, and being exposed to stressors associated with their minority status3;4. Yet, they are under- represented in prevention science5;6. When included in trials, Latinos have low rates of recruitment and retention. Yet evidenced-based family programs7-9 designed to enhance protective factors (interpersonal and socio-emotional competencies; positive family dynamics) can buffer the negative impacts of contextual adversity10;11. Thus, identifying efficacious programs that can successfully engage youth and parents in economically disadvantaged settings is critical for Latino youth, for their families, and for the nation. The proposed project tests the efficacy of an innovative, family-focused program—Siblings are Special (SIBS)— which focuses on sibling relationships and parenting of siblings as synergistic targets of change to promote positive interpersonal family dynamics and parent and youth psychosocial and behavioral health and well- being. This translational effort builds on strong theoretical and empirical premises including a successful pilot study12. Using a rigorous design and measurement approach, aims are to: (a) test the efficacy of SIBS, delivered via 12 weekly afterschool sibling sessions and 3 family nights in the familiar elementary school setting, versus a contact-equivalent attention control condition; and (b) test whether cultural resources (familism values), sociocultural risks, and sibling dyad characteristics (birth order, sibling gender, and sibling dyad gender constellation) moderate program efficacy. Mexican-origin sibling dyads (5th graders and younger siblings; N = 384 dyads) and parents will be recruited from economically disadvantaged elementary schools and randomly assigned within school to intervention or contact-equivalent attention control conditions. Assessments will be conducted at pre-test, post-test, and 18-month follow-up and will include: (a) interviews/surveys with parents and target siblings; (b) teacher ratings and school grades; and (c) daily diary data collected on 8 consecutive days from target siblings. The project will test program effects on short- and long-term outcomes, including siblings' socio-emotional skills and adjustment, school engagement and achievement, daily positive and negative well-being, family relationship quality, and siblings' and parents' global psychosocial well-being. The size and growth of the Latino/Mexican-origin population13, coupled with their disproportionate risk of living in economically disadvantaged settings3;4 make them an ideal target for an innovative family-based approach that applies dissemination principles to enhance recruitment and retention. Findings will advance prevention science by identifying an efficacious program that capitalizes on cultural assets to promote positive family dynamics and psychosocial well-being among Latinos, including by incorporating daily measurements of intervention targets and outcomes to identify mechanisms underlying program effects.