Reducing disparities in living donor transplant among African Americans

减少非裔美国人活体捐赠者移植方面的差异

• 批准号: 10202568
• 负责人: Kimberly Ruth Jacob Arriola
• 金额: $ 22.93万
• 依托单位: EMORY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-08-01 至 2024-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10202568
• 关键词: Achievement; Acute; African American; Behavioral; Clinical; Communication; Complement; Cost Savings; Country; Coupled; Data; Dialysis procedure; Donor person; Dose; Education; Educational Background; Educational Intervention; Educational Materials; Educational Status; End stage renal failure; Environment; Evaluation; Family; Friends; Funding; Goals; Graft Survival; Grant; Health Care Costs; Health system; Individual; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Kidney; Kidney Transplantation; Knowledge; Light; Living Donors; Mediating; Modeling; Motivation; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; Online Systems; Outcome; Pamphlets; Participant; Pathway interactions; Patients; Process; Provider; Public Health; Quality of life; Randomized; Randomized Controlled Trials; Records; Research; Sampling; Self Efficacy; South Carolina; Southeastern United States; System; Testing; Time; Transplant Recipients; Transplantation; United States; United States Health Resources and Services Administration; Vision; Wait Time; Waiting Lists; behavior change; comparison intervention; disparity reduction; follow up assessment; follow-up; health disparity; hospitalization rates; insight; interest; intervention effect; living kidney donor; online intervention; optimal treatments; primary outcome; programs; racial disparity; recruit; secondary analysis; secondary outcome; skills; statistics; stem; transplant centers; trial design; web site

Abstract For most of the patients in the United States with end stage renal disease (ESRD), kidney transplantation represents the optimal treatment. Moreover, living donor kidney transplantation (LDKT) offers numerous advantages over deceased donor kidney transplant such as better kidney quality, increased short- and long- term graft survival, lower rates of acute rejection, and reduced health care cost. Nevertheless, there are pervasive racial disparities in access to LDKT, with white ESRD patients four times more likely to receive a LDKT than African American ESRD patients. The long-term objective of this program of research is to understand the combined effect of a systems-level intervention that enhances communication between dialysis facility and transplant center clinicians (Transplant Referral EXchange or T-REX) and a culturally-sensitive individual-level educational intervention (web-based Living ACTS: About Choices in Transplantation and Sharing) on racial disparities in access to LDKT. The specific aims of the study are: (a) To develop and refine a web-based version of Living ACTS; (b) To conduct an outcome evaluation of the newly created web-based Living ACTS intervention by comparing the percent of patients with at least one inquiry from a potential living donor among patients who receive Living ACTS compared to those who receive a control website with an embedded educational video; and (c) To conduct a process evaluation of the newly created web-based Living ACTS intervention by adapting commonly used process evaluation constructs (context, reach, dose received, fidelity, and recruitment) for an online environment. We will conduct a randomized controlled trial among a sample of 800 African American ESRD patients in the southeastern United States (ESRD Network 6 in Georgia and South Carolina), the region of the country with the largest proportion of African American ESRD patients on the waiting list. Patients will be randomly assigned to one of two study conditions (intervention or control). Participants at all four collaborating transplant centers will be seen by providers who utilize T-REX, thus allowing us to test the independent effect of individual-level education on a systems-level intervention. The primary outcome is the percent of patients with at least one living donor inquiry. Secondary outcomes will test the effect of the intervention on key constructs of the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills model to determine possible mediating pathways. Participants will undergo baseline assessment, access either the intervention or control educational materials, and complete an immediate follow-up assessment. Living donor inquiries will be examined over the subsequent 12 months. The process evaluation will utilize transplant center administrative records, immediate follow-up data from participants, website usage statistics, and study records. It is anticipated that achievement of these aims will yield outcomes with great clinical and public health impact.

摘要