URBANE: One Health approaches to support agroecological transformation of peri-urban farming

今天，地球上一半以上的居民居住在城市，预计这一数字还将增加。全世界农村人口向城市迁移的现象在西非尤为突出。这导致更多地从事城市周边农业，原因是：（a）缺乏正规工作，这是中低收入国家增加家庭收入的一种手段;（B）年轻一代的农民不愿意生活在偏远地区;（c）中低收入国家农业集约化的初始阶段通常是将生产集中在城市周边地区。尽管密集的城郊农业具有显著的优势，但它也带来了对人畜共患病、卫生问题、当地环境退化、抗菌素耐药性等的担忧。特别是在低收入中等收入国家，随着粮食系统从维持生计过渡到面向市场的生产，粮食系统的强化通常与人类健康风险有关。URBANE正在应对可持续农业对粮食营养安全的挑战，采用一种健康方法来解决与城郊农业的应用和强化有关的问题，并为其在不同情况下的可持续和安全应用提供必要的框架。为实现这一目标，该项目将围绕农业生态学原则展开。URBANE正在建立在其合作伙伴在农业生态学方面的丰富经验的基础上，同时利用友好的工具和方法来衡量农业生态转型的进展和影响。将通过非洲的6个案例研究来展示URBANE方法，同时还将研究其在其他区域的可推广性，并通过具体工具来促进这一方法。还将为URBANE案例研究制定新的/经调整的商业模式，这些模式将作为此类商业模式如何运作的灯塔范例-根据当地具体情况进行适当的当地调整。

Today more than half of the planet’s inhabitants live in cities and this is projected to increase. The world-wide migration of rural people to cities is particularly prominent in West Africa. This leads to increased practicing of peri-urban agriculture, supported by a) the lack of formal jobs and as a means of adding up to household income in low and middle-income countries (LMIC), b) the young generations of farmers are not willing to live in remote areas, c) initial stages of agriculture intensification in LMIC usually involves concentration of production in peri-urban areas. Even though intensified peri-urban farming has significant advantages, it also introduces concerns about zoonotic diseases, sanitary issues, local environmental degradation, antimicrobial resistance and more. Especially in LMIC, the intensification of food systems, as they transition from subsistence to market-oriented production, is typically associated with human health risks. URBANE is addressing this challenge of sustainable agriculture for food nutrition security, applying a One Health approach for tackling issues related to the application & intensification of peri-urban agriculture, as well as providing the necessary framework for its sustainable & safe application in different contexts. To achieve this, the project will be built around the principles of agroecology. URBANE is building on the extensive experience in agroecology of its partners whilst exploiting friendly tools & methods for measuring the progress & impact of the agroecological transition of farming. The URBANE approach will be demonstrated through 6 case studies in Africa, while its transferability in other regions will also be studied and facilitated through specific tools. New/ adapted business models will also be worked out for the URBANE case studies, that will act as lighthouse examples of how such business models can be - with suitable local adaptations informed by local specificities.