Sleep and health disparities among Asian Americans: roles of stressors and protective factors

亚裔美国人的睡眠和健康差异：压力源和保护因素的作用

• 批准号: 10215880
• 负责人: SUNMIN LEE
• 金额: $ 70.71万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-04-08 至 2026-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10215880
• 关键词: Adult; Affect; African American; American; Asian Americans; Asians; Blood; Body mass index; Buffers; COVID-19; Chinese American; Chinese People; Cholesterol; Chronic Disease; Communities; Conflict (Psychology); Data; Data Reporting; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Diagnosis; Dimensions; Drowsiness; Emotional; Environment; Ethnic group; Future; Glycosylated hemoglobin A; Goals; Hate; Health; High Prevalence; Hispanics; Hypertension; Immigrant; Immigration; Individual; Interleukin-6; Intervention; Japanese American; Koreans; Light; Limited English Proficiency; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Low Prevalence; Measures; Mediating; Metabolic syndrome; Minority Groups; Neighborhoods; Obesity; Outcome; Patient Self-Report; Perception; Politics; Population; Psyche structure; Psychological Impact; Psychological Stress; Religion and Spirituality; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Role; Sampling; Sleep; Sleep Apnea Syndromes; Sleep Deprivation; Sleep Disorders; Sleep disturbances; Sleeplessness; Social support; Speech; Spottings; Stress; Subgroup; TNF gene; Testing; Time; Waist-Hip Ratio; War; base; biological adaptation to stress; cardiometabolic risk; cardiometabolism; experience; follow-up; health disparity; high body mass index; inflammatory marker; innovation; multi-ethnic; neighborhood disadvantage; novel; perceived stress; poor sleep; protective factors; psychosocial stressors; racial and ethnic; racism; rapid growth; sleep health; social cohesion; sociodemographics; stressor; study population

PROJECT SUMMARY Asian Americans have more sleep deficiencies compared to Whites or Hispanics. However, most studies of sleep disparities have focused on African Americans and Hispanics, and research on Asians remains scarce. Our preliminary study among Chinese, Korean, and Vietnamese Americans found that acculturative stress was inversely associated with sleep duration and positively associated with sleep disturbance and risk of sleep apnea. Importantly, COVID-19 has adversely affected health, including sleep, with minority populations being disproportionately affected. Additionally, increasing hate speech and racist attacks against Asians have been reported, leading to increased mental and emotional toll in this population. Findings from the preliminary study also demonstrated that sleep duration was inversely associated with diabetes, and sleep apnea was positively associated with hypertension and obesity. The overarching goal of this innovative longitudinal study is to understand: (1) mechanisms of sleep disparities in relation to immigrant stressors and protective factors; and (2) consequences of sleep disparities on health outcomes, in a sample of community-dwelling Chinese, Korean, and Vietnamese adults (n=750). This study includes several innovations such as novel measures on anti-Asian racism due to COVID-19, the adverse impact of COVID-19, and multi-dimensional sleep health; use of dried blood spots; purposive sampling of 3 Asian subgroups; and considering ethnic enclaves as a protective factor. Over the 5-year project period, the investigators will collect and analyze two waves of data in order to: (1) Determine the longitudinal association between immigrant stressors (e.g., acculturative stress, psychological stress and adverse impact of COVID-19, anti-Asian racism, and neighborhood disadvantage) and sleep health (a multi- dimensional assessment of sleep health and disturbance); (2) Evaluate the moderating effect of potential protective factors (e.g., social support, religious involvement, ethnic enclaves, and neighborhood social cohesion) on the associations between immigrant stressors and sleep health; (3) Examine the longitudinal association between sleep health and markers of cardiometabolic risk; and (4) Test whether specific dimensions of sleep health will mediate the association between immigrant stressors and health outcomes. This will be one of the first longitudinal studies to investigate mechanisms of sleep disparities in relation to immigrant stressors and the consequences of sleep disparities on health outcomes among Asians, an understudied minority population which displays poorer sleep outcomes relative to other groups. This study is timely considering the rapid growth of Asians in the U.S., and the current hostile environment for Asians and immigrants, including COVID-19. This innovative study will elucidate health issues of this understudied group and identify modifiable factors that will serve as targets for intervention to reduce sleep disparities among Asians.

项目摘要 与白人或西班牙裔相比，亚裔美国人有更多的睡眠不足。然而，大多数研究 睡眠差异主要集中在非洲裔美国人和西班牙裔美国人身上，而对亚洲人的研究仍然很少。 我们对中国人、韩国人和越南裔美国人的初步研究发现， 与睡眠持续时间呈负相关，与睡眠障碍和睡眠呼吸暂停风险呈正相关。 重要的是，COVID-19对包括睡眠在内的健康产生了不利影响，少数群体被 不成比例地受到影响。此外，针对亚裔的仇恨言论和种族主义攻击不断增加， 据报道，导致这一人群的精神和情感损失增加。初步研究的结果 还表明睡眠时间与糖尿病呈负相关，睡眠呼吸暂停与糖尿病呈正相关。 与高血压和肥胖有关。 这项创新的纵向研究的总体目标是了解：（1）睡眠差异的机制 与移民压力源和保护因素有关;（2）睡眠差异对健康的影响 结果，在社区居住的中国，韩国和越南成年人（n=750）的样本。本研究 包括几项创新，例如针对COVID-19造成的反亚裔种族主义的新措施， COVID-19和多维睡眠健康;使用干血斑;有目的地抽样3名亚洲人 小组;并考虑族裔飞地作为一个保护因素。 在为期5年的项目期间，研究人员将收集和分析两波数据，以便：（1） 确定移民压力源之间的纵向关联（例如，文化适应压力，心理压力 以及COVID-19、反亚裔种族主义和邻里劣势的不利影响）和睡眠健康（一个多方面的 维度评估睡眠健康和干扰）;（2）评估潜在的调节作用 保护因素（例如，社会支持、宗教参与、种族飞地和邻里社会凝聚力） 探讨移民压力源与睡眠健康的关系;（3）研究移民压力源与睡眠健康的纵向关系 之间的睡眠健康和心脏代谢风险的标志物;和（4）测试是否睡眠的具体方面 健康将介导移民压力源和健康结果之间的关联。 这将是第一个纵向研究，以调查睡眠差异的机制， 移民压力源和睡眠差异对亚洲人健康结果的影响， 研究不足的少数群体，相对于其他群体，睡眠结果较差。本研究 及时考虑到亚洲人在美国的快速增长，以及目前对亚洲人的敌对环境， 移民，包括COVID-19。这项创新的研究将阐明这一未充分研究的群体的健康问题， 确定可改变的因素，作为干预的目标，以减少亚洲人的睡眠差异。