Effects of DLPFC tDCS on Cognition, Oscillations and GABA Levels in Schizophrenia

项目摘要/摘要 认知控制缺陷与精神分裂症(SZ)的功能低下有关。这些缺陷包括 随着时间的推移，保持与任务相关的目标和对任务的注意力的能力受损，并与受损有关 背外侧前额叶皮质(DLPFC)的功能，它是支持认知的神经网络的关键中枢 控制力。这项拟议的研究使用了一种非侵入性的脑刺激技术--经颅直流电 刺激(TDC)，以测试一组关于DLPFC在认知控制中的作用的机械性假设 SZ的缺陷，重点是刺激诱导的神经振荡和DLPFC GABA水平的变化。去做 因此，我们将结合电生理(EEG)和磁共振，使用DLPFC靶向的tDDC 波谱(MRS)方法检测刺激引起的与认知相关的神经活动的变化 控制在深圳。我们实验室的初步数据表明，以DLPFC为靶点的阳极tdcs可以增强神经功能。 在健康对照和SZ患者中支持目标维持的振荡。这 神经刺激方法为理解潜在的神经机制提供了令人兴奋的新途径。 SZ的认知障碍，我们建议利用这一点有三个具体的目标。目标1：比较以下各项的效果 任务型与静止型tdcs比较，以优化tdcs对目标维持相关神经的影响 深圳的振荡活动与任务绩效。目标2：确定DLPFC影响的区域特异性 Tdcs(与枕部tdcs相比)对SZ目标维持的脑回路的影响。目标3：测试 TDCs影响DLPFC GABA水平、DLPFC相关振荡关系的假说 深圳人的活动和认知表现。成功完成这些目标将填补在以下方面的关键差距 到目前为止，关于深圳认知障碍的文献依赖于相关的方法，并将提供新的 DLPFC相关脑循环障碍在SZ中的作用及其病理生理基础 机械装置。这也将为研究tdcs对大脑和大脑的影响机制提供重要的新见解。 对这种疾病的认知。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Cognitive control deficits are associated with poor functioning in schizophrenia (SZ). These deficits include an impaired ability to maintain task-relevant goals and attention to a task over time, and are connected to impaired functioning of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), a key hub in the neural network supporting cognitive control. The proposed research uses a non-invasive brain stimulation technique, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to test a set of mechanistic hypotheses about the role of the DLPFC in cognitive control deficits in SZ, focusing on stimulation-induced changes in neural oscillations and DLPFC GABA levels. To do so, we will use DLPFC-targeted tDCS in combination with electrophysiology (EEG) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) methods to examine stimulation-induced changes in neural activity related to cognitive control in SZ. Preliminary data from our lab suggests that DLPFC-targeted anodal tDCS can enhance neural oscillations that support goal maintenance in both healthy controls and individuals with SZ. This neurostimulation approach offers an exciting new avenue for understanding the neural mechanisms underlying impaired cognition in SZ, which we propose to utilize with three specific aims. Aim 1: Compare the effects of task-engaged versus resting tDCS in order to optimize the impact of tDCS on goal maintenance related neural oscillatory activity and task performance in SZ. Aim 2: Establish the regional specificity of the impact of DLPFC tDCS (compared to Occipital tDCS) effects on brain circuitry underlying goal maintenance in SZ. Aim 3: Test hypotheses about relationships between tDCS effects on DLPFC GABA levels, DLPFC-related oscillatory activity and cognitive performance in SZ. Successful completion of these Aims will address critical gaps in the literature on cognitive disability in SZ, which has, to date, relied on correlative approaches and will provide new insights into the role of disrupted DLPFC related brain circuity in SZ and its underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. It will also provide important new insights into the mechanisms of tDCS effects on brain and cognition in this illness.