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Examining the reciprocal effects of racial discrimination and sleep on cardiovascular functioning: An experimental approach

检查种族歧视和睡眠对心血管功能的相互影响：实验方法

基本信息

批准号：
10222758
负责人：
Aric Andrew Prather
金额：
$ 76.5万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-07-01 至 2023-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10222758
关键词：
Address Affect Affective African American American Anger Anxiety Attention Beds Blood Pressure Cardiovascular Diseases Cardiovascular Physiology Cardiovascular system Clinical Cognitive Cross-Sectional Studies Data Discrimination European Experimental Designs Exposure to Feedback Foundations Goals Heart Diseases Hour Hypertension Impairment Laboratories Link Literature Measures Mediator of activation protein Morbidity - disease rate Parasympathetic Nervous System Participant Pathway interactions Perception Peripheral Physiological Physiological Processes Physiology Polysomnography Process Race Randomized Reaction Research Personnel Series Sleep Sleep Deprivation Sleep disturbances Social Interaction Socioeconomic Status Standardization Stimulus Stroke Testing Time Withdrawal actigraphy base blood pressure regulation cardiovascular disorder risk cardiovascular risk factor coronary artery calcification experience experimental study member mortality novel poor sleep prospective racial discrimination racial disparity sleep onset sleep quality social vigilance

项目摘要

Project Summary/Abstract African Americans (AAs) are disproportionately burdened by clinical and subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) when compared to European Americans (EAs), and while experiences of racial discrimination have been associated with CVD morbidity among AAs, including high daytime and nighttime blood pressure, the mechanisms underlying these associations are unclear. Poor sleep, such as short sleep duration and poor sleep continuity, may serve as a novel pathway; however, this possibility has not been rigorously tested. While poor sleep, which is more common among AAs, prospectively predicts CVD morbidity and mortality, findings that racial discrimination affects sleep and putative cardiovascular pathways are mixed. Evidence linking racial discrimination and sleep are derived from cross-sectional studies, and researchers have largely ignored the possibility of reciprocal effects. While experiences of racial discrimination may impair nightly sleep, poor sleep may increase one's tendency to interpret and react to ambiguous stimuli as discriminatory or threatening. Only experimental designs can demonstrate causal influences of racial discrimination on sleep and vice versa. The overarching goal of this proposal is to systematically dissect the reciprocal effects of racial discrimination and sleep on cardiovascular functioning, including blood pressure regulation, and identify key mechanisms and moderators of the discrimination-sleep link. To accomplish this goal, we propose two experimental studies. In Study 1 we will to randomize 80 AAs and 80 EAs to either racial discrimination using our well-validated race-based social rejection paradigm (i.e., being rejected by an outgroup member) or same-race social rejection to test the causal influences of racial discrimination on objective sleep parameters, measured using polysomnography, and nocturnal cardiovascular functioning, including nocturnal blood pressure. In Study 2 we will test the causal influences of sleep loss on perceptions of and physiological reactions to racial discrimination by using sleep restriction as an experimental probe. Here, we will randomize 80 AAs to either a partial sleep restriction condition (2 nights of 4 hours/night) or normal sleep in our sleep laboratory followed by a series of laboratory tasks to assess one's tendency to perceive ambiguous stimuli as discriminatory, magnitude of sympathetic activation/parasympathetic withdrawal during inter-racial interactions, and attentional vigilance toward outgroup members. Proposed affective, cognitive, and physiological mechanisms will be examined as will potential moderators (e.g., socioeconomic status and race-based rejection sensitivity). These studies will fill fundamental gap in the scientific literature and provide the critical causal and mechanistic evidence necessary to address racial disparities in sleep and cardiovascular risk.

项目总结/文摘