Repetitive Thinking and Emotional Health in Adults with ASD

项目摘要/摘要 患有自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)的成年人通常在一系列领域的结果都很差，尤其是 情绪健康。反复的消极思考，是自闭症的一种认知特征，也是 似乎会导致抑郁和焦虑。沉思与糟糕的情绪和身体都有关。 在普通人群中的健康。然而，由于坚持不懈是自闭症的核心特征，重复思维 (REPT)在ASD中似乎是一个比一般反省更广泛的结构。更好地理解 自闭症中与REPT相关的现象、机制和健康状态可能决定新的、特定的 指导成人自闭症健康干预措施发展的目标。 我们的建议试图描述自闭症患者的重复性思维，并为其心理测量提供信息。 这一人群(目标1)；探索成人ASD患者持续认知-情感加工的神经相关性 使用瞳孔方法，并与典型发展为抑郁症的成年人进行比较(TD-DEP)(目标2)； 调查成人自闭症患者不同形式的REPT与健康和行为的关系(目标3)。这 这项工作旨在形成精确的假设，即哪个特定的REPT过程对哪个影响最大 这一特殊人群的不良健康后果。目标1采取混合方法，包括：(1) 对与Rept相关的各种构念(例如，沉思、担心、强迫症)的调查数据的结构分析 思想，受限制的兴趣)来识别重复思维的常见模式(例如，通过价，功能， 侵犯性)在一大批口语流利的成人自闭症患者中，n=760人在线+n=72人在实验室；以及(2)实验室- 基于REPT的归纳，使用针对REPT功能编码的前/后语言样本。调查结果将是 综合以了解ASD中REPT的现象和测量。在目标2中，模式 将在不同的诊断队列(ASD和TD-DEP)和刺激之间比较以瞳孔为索引的神经反应性 类型(社交、非社交、情绪化、非情绪化)，并评估与Rept功能和其他功能的关系 版主。这是为了阐明ASD中持续的认知-情感加工模式，从而 改进未来的研究，使之成为治疗发展的机制“切入点”。目标3建议分析 现有的和新的多种形式的REPT标志物，用于区分与健康和功能的关系 在患有ASD的成年人中。将测试一个模型，在该模型中，REPT为负预示着情绪和身体健康状况不佳， 而积极/中性的REPT预测社会赤字。这项建议采用了专家团队和多种方法 确定情绪健康问题干预的潜在目标的方法，包括 在患有自闭症的成年人中很普遍，而且基本上没有得到治疗。如果成功，这也将构建经验数据 收集REPT，通过一个收敛的生理标记促进对其机制的理解 (持续的瞳孔响应性)，并有助于将重复行为研究扩展到内部思维过程。

Project Summary/Abstract Adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often have poor outcomes across a range of domains, particularly emotional health. Rumination, or repetitive negative thinking, is a cognitive characteristic of ASD that also appears to contribute to depression and anxiety. Rumination is linked to both poor emotional and physical health in the general population. However, as perseveration is a core feature of autism, repetitive thinking (RepT) within ASD appears to be a broader construct than general rumination. Better understanding of the phenomenon, mechanisms, and health states associated with RepT in autism could determine novel, specific targets to guide development of health interventions for adults with ASD. Our proposal seeks to characterize repetitive thinking within ASD and inform its psychometric measurement in this population (Aim 1); explore neural correlates of sustained cognitive-affective processing in adults with ASD using pupil methods, with comparisons to typically developing depressed adults (TD-dep) (Aim 2); and investigate relations between diverse forms of RepT and health and behavior in adults with ASD (Aim 3). This work is intended to shape precision hypotheses as to which specific RepT processes most impact which adverse health outcomes in this special population. Aim 1 takes a mixed-method approach, including: (1) structural analyses of survey data on various constructs related to RepT (e.g., rumination, worry, obsessive thoughts, circumscribed interests) to identify common patterns of repetitive thinking (e.g., by valence, function, intrusiveness) in a large sample of verbally-fluent adults with ASD, n=760 online + n=72 in lab; and (2) lab- based inductions of RepT, with pre-/post language samples coded for RepT features. Findings will be synthesized to inform understanding of the phenomenon and measurement of RepT in ASD. In Aim 2, patterns of pupil-indexed neural reactivity will be compared across diagnostic cohorts (ASD and TD-dep) and stimuli types (social, non-social, emotional, non-emotional), and assessed for relation to RepT features and other moderators. This is intended to illuminate patterns of sustained cognitive-affective processing in ASD, and thus refine future research into mechanistic “points of entry” for treatment development. Aim 3 proposes to analyze both existing and novel markers of diverse forms of RepT for differential association with health and functioning in adults with ASD. A model will be tested in which negative RepT predicts poor emotional and physical health, whereas positive/neutral RepT predicts social deficits. This proposal applies an expert team and multi-method approach to the goal of identifying potential targets for intervention on emotional health problems, which are prevalent and largely untreated in adults with ASD. If successful, this also will structure empirical data collection on RepT, advance understanding of its mechanisms via a convergent physiological marker (sustained pupil responsivity), and help extend repetitive behavior research to internal thinking processes.