Computational and circuit mechanisms underlying motor control

了解神经系统用来控制运动的机制对 了解大脑和行为，这是神经科学中的基本问题之一。这个 对运动的控制来自不同的运动控制中心的活动，这些中心汇聚到 输出系统，主要位于脊髓。而作为不同基础的脊椎回路 电机控制的各个方面都有相对较好的特征，这些电路的方式 脊椎上运动控制中心的协调仍然难以捉摸。在这个项目中，我们的目标是 了解电机控制中心之间连接的功能和计算逻辑， 运动皮质、脊髓和肌肉。我们将从解剖和功能上刻画 皮质脊髓神经元投射专一性群体在特定运动模式中的作用 控制力。因为即使是最简单的运动程序也需要激活许多神经元 跨多个大脑区域的人群，我们还将调查其他皮质和 皮质下区域到大脑的输出，到脊髓，以及肌肉活动。这 理解还需要提取大脑区域之间传递的信息 和神经细胞类型，并理解在电路中按顺序操作的计算 以实现特定的肌肉激活模式。我们会 摘录以下计算原理 啮齿类动物大脑活动与肌肉活动之间的关系 ，并将构建预测模型。按顺序 为了实现对运动控制背后的大脑回路的机械性理解，我们将 用闭合环光遗传学分析特定神经群体活动的贡献 操纵。我们正在寻求的理解水平需要一种动态的来回 在解剖学和功能图谱实验，计算和概念模型之间， 以及对预测进行因果检验。我们组建了一个由多个专业人员组成的团队，在一个严密的 网络，共享最新技术，通过高级 成像和仪器核心，基于生成的数据创建和提炼电路模型 可测试的预测，并在团队成员之间建立实时知识交流 通过数据科学核心。我们的U19BCP电机控制团队提出了一种全面和 建立经典模式背后的计算和电路机制的雄心勃勃的项目 基于大脑和脊髓之间细胞类型特异性连接的运动控制，新颖 测量和操纵功能和基因定义的神经种群的技术，以及 最先进的计算工具。 灵长类 电机控制中的多区域动力学

Understanding the mechanisms that the nervous system uses to control movement is critical for understanding brain and behavior, and one of the fundamental questions in neuroscience. The control of movement emerges from the activity of different motor control centers, that converge onto output systems, mostly located in the spinal cord. While the spinal circuits that underlie different aspects of motor control have been relatively well characterized, the way by which these circuits are coordinated by supraspinal motor control centers remains elusive. In this project, we aim to understand the functional and computational logic of connectivity between a motor control centers, the motor cortex, and the spinal cord and muscle. We will anatomically and functionally characterize the role of projection-specific populations of corticospinal neurons during particular modes of motor control. Because even the simplest motor program requires the activation of many neuronal populations across multiple brain areas, we will also investigate the contribution of other cortical and subcortical areas to the output of the brain to the spinal cord, and to muscle activity. This understanding requires It also requires extracting the information that is carried between brain areas and neuronal cell types, and understanding the computations that are operated in the circuits in order to achieve specific patterns of muscle activation. We will extract computational principles governing the relation between brain activity and muscle activity that are conserved between rodents and , and will construct predictive models of . In order to achieve a mechanistic understanding of the brain circuits underlying motor control, we will dissect the contributions of activity in specific neural populations using closed-loop optogenetic manipulations. The level of understanding that we are seeking requires a dynamic back and forth between anatomical and functional mapping experiments, computational and conceptual models, and causal testing of predictions. We put together a a multidisciplinary team of PIs working in a tight network, sharing the latest technologies to measure and manipulate the brain through an Advanced Imaging and Instrumentation core, creating and refining circuit models based on data that generate testable predictions, and establishing real-time knowledge exchange between team members through a Data Science Core. Our U19BCP Motor Control team proposes a comprehensive and ambitious project to establish the computational and circuit mechanisms underlying classical modes of motor control based on cell-type specific connectivity between brain and spinal cord, novel technology to measure and manipulate functionally and genetically-defined neural populations, and state-of-the-art computational tools. primates multi-area dynamics during motor control