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Effects of Noise Exposure Across the Lifespan on Balance and Stability in Older Adults

一生中噪声暴露对老年人平衡和稳定性的影响

基本信息

批准号：
10276071
负责人：
Natela M. Shanidze
金额：
$ 53.82万
依托单位：
VETERANS EDUCATION AND RESEARCH ASSOCIATION OF MICHIGAN
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-09-30 至 2026-05-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10276071
关键词：
Acceleration Acoustics Address Adult Age Aging Anatomy Animal Experimentation Animal Model Animals Basic Science Cells Cessation of life Characteristics Clinic Clinical Cochlea Control Groups Detection Diagnosis Disease Dose Elderly Environment Epithelial Equilibrium Evaluation Exhibits Exposure to Financial compensation Force of Gravity Frequencies Functional disorder Genetic Diseases Goals Head Head Movements Hearing Human Impairment Individual Injury Investigation Labyrinth Lead Life Link Longevity Maintenance Measures Methods Modeling Morphology Motion Motor Musculoskeletal Equilibrium Neurons Noise Noise-Induced Hearing Loss Organ Participant Performance Physical shape Physiological Planet Earth Play Population Posture Predisposition Prevention Proprioception Psychophysics Rattus Recording of previous events Reflex action Rehabilitation therapy Risk Risk Factors Rodent Role Rotation Secondary to Semicircular canal structure Sensory Source Spinal Cord Structure Symptoms Synapses System Testing Training Translations Variant Vestibular Nerve Vestibular loss Vision Walking age group age related aging population body position clinical application cohort cost disability experimental study fall risk falls functional improvement human old age (65+)improved insight interdisciplinary approach middle age motor impairment neglect otoconia posture instability pressure public health relevance response secondary analysis senescence sound treatment strategy vestibular reflex vestibulo-ocular reflex

项目摘要

Abstract Loss of stability and falls is a major risk factor for injury and death in older adults. Previously overlooked, lifetime noise exposure has been shown to cause damage to the vestibular periphery; although, animal models and human studies that can provide a mechanistic basis connecting noise-induced vestibular dysfunction and age-related fall risk are limited. The vestibular system plays a critical role in detection of head movements and orientation with respect to gravity and is essential for normal vision and postural control. Due to their anatomical proximity to the cochlea, the otolith organs are exposed to sound pressure and are at risk for noise overstimulation, which may contribute to vestibular dysfunction. However, damage may not be limited to the otolith organs. Recent studies have linked noise overstimulation to decreased vestibular nerve activity and loss of a specialized class of irregularly firing vestibular afferents which exhibit enhanced sensitivity to acceleration. It is likely that these afferents play an important role initiating postural compensation for abrupt changes in head or body position due to their physiological characteristics and their projection to secondary vestibular neurons that project to the spinal cord. Therefore, the effects of noise may accelerate disability associated with natural aging. The goal of this proposal is to characterize vestibular loss associated with natural aging and how it is compounded by cumulative noise exposures throughout one’s life. Thus, we will systematically investigate the effects of noise exposure across the lifespan on otolith and canal structure and function (Aim 1), specifically address the extent of irregular afferent damage and its functional consequences (Aim 2), and asses changes in posture, mobility and balance with noise exposure (Aim 3). Changes in sensory cell synapses will be correlated with vestibular reflex impairment and fall risk associated with postural instability and loss of balance. To improve our understanding of how these changes occur over the lifetime, we will assess anatomical and functional changes in early-, middle-, and late-adulthood. Further, functional experiments will be done in parallel in rats and human participants for maximal translation of our results to the clinic. Individually, both animal and rodent studies have proven invaluable to our understanding of the effects of noise exposure on vestibular function. However, both have limitations that can be best addressed with a set of complimentary studies in the two systems. This proposal describes a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach that strives to evaluate the underlying mechanisms in increased falls and fall risk due to a history of noise exposure in older adults. The susceptibility of these individuals to potentially fatal falls underscores the need for a systematic approach, that can eventually result in improved training and rehabilitation methods to be used with this population.

摘要