Coordination of Eye and Head Movements in Central Field Loss

中心场丢失时眼睛和头部运动的协调

• 批准号: 9934852
• 负责人: Natela M. Shanidze
• 金额: $ 3.03万
• 依托单位: SMITH-KETTLEWELL EYE RESEARCH INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-08-01 至 2020-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9934852
• 关键词: Accidents; Address; Affect; Age; Age related macular degeneration; Agreement; Animals; Behavior; Blindness; Calibration; Categories; Central Scotomas; Dangerousness; Darkness; Data; Dependence; Diagnostic Procedure; Dizziness; Elderly; Environment; Evolution; Eye; Eye Movements; Functional disorder; Head; Head Movements; Image; Impairment; Incidence; Individual; Injury; Lead; Life Style; Mechanics; Mentors; Motion; Motion Perception; Movement; Ocular orbit; Ophthalmology; Outcome; Participant; Pathway interactions; Patient-Focused Outcomes; Patients; Performance; Phase; Planet Earth; Play; Population; Positioning Attribute; Publications; Reflex action; Research; Retina; Retinal; Rotation; Short Interspersed Nucleotide Elements; Smooth Pursuit; Source; Spottings; Stimulus; Sum; System; Testing; Therapeutic; Training; Translating; Translations; Vision; Visual; Visual Acuity; Visual Fields; Visual impairment; Visual system structure; Volition; Work; central visual field; disability; falls; fovea centralis; gaze; improved; interest; meetings; oculomotor; oculomotor behavior; patient population; response; sample fixation; senescence; vestibulo-ocular reflex; visual feedback; visual information; visual stimulus; visual-vestibular

Age-related macular degeneration is the most common cause of vision loss in the central visual field, making central field loss (CFL) a major problem in the world today. Two-thirds of patients with CFL complain of vestibular problems, such as dizziness and instability, leading to a high incidence of potentially fatal accidents and falls. The problem is exacerbated by the patient population's advanced age, due to a documented decline in vestibular function in senescence. Vestibular deficits in CFL patients are likely due to miscalibrated or non- optimal stabilizing eye movements - many essential oculomotor behaviors are highly reliant on retinal input. Individuals with compromised vestibular responses have difficulties with visual field stability, navigation, and self- and external motion perception. These limitations are particularly true for CFL patients, whose visual acuity is already compromised and for whom the vestibular system may be the predominant source of motion information. Despite the importance of visual/vestibular interaction, these behaviors have not been comprehensively studied in CFL. This proposal seeks to address this gap. Evidence from the K99 stage indicates that individuals with CFL rely more on head movements for smooth pursuit than controls. Furthermore, these data support previous findings that head movement may improve smooth pursuit performance. Aim 1 of the R00 stage will extend these findings by directly addressing how vestibuloocular reflex (VOR) cancellation might play into the head-free smooth pursuit response. Further, this aim examines the effect of CFL on the angular VOR itself. The reflex has little foveal dependence. However, foveal vision is known to contribute to both VOR calibration and to its suppression when the head movement follows target motion. A deficit in any aspect of angular VOR will have consequences on the visual instability and vestibular discomfort of the affected individuals. Understanding these problems would inform necessary treatments in this population. Aim 2 examines the effects of CFL on translational VOR, a behavior that is fovea-dependent and essential when body movement is present. Determining the degree of its impairment and exact influences of CFL is key to understanding vestibular dysfunction due to CFL. VOR responses will be studied during passive and active motion. Previous research suggests fundamental differences in the processing of these two types of behavior, which indicates that they might be affected differently by central vision loss. If present, this dichotomy could have implications for how patients are advised and trained to interact with their environment while maintaining an active and productive lifestyle. ! !

与年龄相关的黄斑变性是中央视野中视力丧失的最常见原因，使 中央野外损失（CFL）当今世界上一个主要问题。三分之二的CFL患者抱怨 前庭问题，例如头晕和不稳定，导致可能致命的事故发生率很高 和跌倒。由于记录下来的人群，患者人群的高龄加剧了问题 在衰老中的前庭功能中。 CFL患者的前庭缺陷可能是由于错误校准或非校准引起的 最佳的稳定眼运动 - 许多必需的眼动行为高度依赖于视网膜输入。 前庭反应受损的人在视野稳定性，导航和 自我和外部运动感知。对于CFL患者而言，这些限制尤其如此 敏锐度已经妥协，前庭系统可能是主要运动来源 信息。尽管视觉/前庭相互作用很重要，但这些行为尚未 在CFL中全面研究。该建议旨在解决这一差距。 K99阶段的证据 表明患有CFL的人更多地依靠头部运动来平稳追求，而不是控制。 此外，这些数据支持先前的发现，即头部运动可能会改善平稳的追求 表现。 R00阶段的目标1将通过直接解决前庭的方式扩展这些发现 反射（VOR）取消可能会带入无头部的平滑追击响应中。此外，这个目的检查了 CFL对角VOR本身的影响。反射几乎没有凹依依赖性。但是，中央凹觉是 已知可以有助于VOR校准，并且当头部移动遵循目标时抑制其抑制 运动。 Angular VOR任何方面的赤字都会对视觉不稳定性和前庭产生影响 受影响的个体的不适。了解这些问题将为您提供必要的治疗 人口。 AIM 2检查了CFL对翻译VOR的影响，这种行为依赖于Fovea，并且 当存在身体运动时必不可少。确定其损害的程度和确切的影响 CFL是了解CFL引起的前庭功能障碍的关键。在被动期间将研究VOR的响应 和主动运动。先前的研究表明，这两种类型的处理中存在根本差异 行为，这表明它们可能会受到中央视力损失的不同影响。如果存在，这种二分法 可能对患者的建议和培训如何与环境互动有影响 保持积极和富有成效的生活方式。 呢 呢