Coordination of Eye and Head Movements in Central Field Loss

中心场丢失时眼睛和头部运动的协调

• 批准号: 9934852
• 负责人: Natela M. Shanidze
• 金额: $ 3.03万
• 依托单位: SMITH-KETTLEWELL EYE RESEARCH INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-08-01 至 2020-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9934852
• 关键词: Accidents; Address; Affect; Age; Age related macular degeneration; Agreement; Animals; Behavior; Blindness; Calibration; Categories; Central Scotomas; Dangerousness; Darkness; Data; Dependence; Diagnostic Procedure; Dizziness; Elderly; Environment; Evolution; Eye; Eye Movements; Functional disorder; Head; Head Movements; Image; Impairment; Incidence; Individual; Injury; Lead; Life Style; Mechanics; Mentors; Motion; Motion Perception; Movement; Ocular orbit; Ophthalmology; Outcome; Participant; Pathway interactions; Patient-Focused Outcomes; Patients; Performance; Phase; Planet Earth; Play; Population; Positioning Attribute; Publications; Reflex action; Research; Retina; Retinal; Rotation; Short Interspersed Nucleotide Elements; Smooth Pursuit; Source; Spottings; Stimulus; Sum; System; Testing; Therapeutic; Training; Translating; Translations; Vision; Visual; Visual Acuity; Visual Fields; Visual impairment; Visual system structure; Volition; Work; central visual field; disability; falls; fovea centralis; gaze; improved; interest; meetings; oculomotor; oculomotor behavior; patient population; response; sample fixation; senescence; vestibulo-ocular reflex; visual feedback; visual information; visual stimulus; visual-vestibular

Age-related macular degeneration is the most common cause of vision loss in the central visual field, making central field loss (CFL) a major problem in the world today. Two-thirds of patients with CFL complain of vestibular problems, such as dizziness and instability, leading to a high incidence of potentially fatal accidents and falls. The problem is exacerbated by the patient population's advanced age, due to a documented decline in vestibular function in senescence. Vestibular deficits in CFL patients are likely due to miscalibrated or non- optimal stabilizing eye movements - many essential oculomotor behaviors are highly reliant on retinal input. Individuals with compromised vestibular responses have difficulties with visual field stability, navigation, and self- and external motion perception. These limitations are particularly true for CFL patients, whose visual acuity is already compromised and for whom the vestibular system may be the predominant source of motion information. Despite the importance of visual/vestibular interaction, these behaviors have not been comprehensively studied in CFL. This proposal seeks to address this gap. Evidence from the K99 stage indicates that individuals with CFL rely more on head movements for smooth pursuit than controls. Furthermore, these data support previous findings that head movement may improve smooth pursuit performance. Aim 1 of the R00 stage will extend these findings by directly addressing how vestibuloocular reflex (VOR) cancellation might play into the head-free smooth pursuit response. Further, this aim examines the effect of CFL on the angular VOR itself. The reflex has little foveal dependence. However, foveal vision is known to contribute to both VOR calibration and to its suppression when the head movement follows target motion. A deficit in any aspect of angular VOR will have consequences on the visual instability and vestibular discomfort of the affected individuals. Understanding these problems would inform necessary treatments in this population. Aim 2 examines the effects of CFL on translational VOR, a behavior that is fovea-dependent and essential when body movement is present. Determining the degree of its impairment and exact influences of CFL is key to understanding vestibular dysfunction due to CFL. VOR responses will be studied during passive and active motion. Previous research suggests fundamental differences in the processing of these two types of behavior, which indicates that they might be affected differently by central vision loss. If present, this dichotomy could have implications for how patients are advised and trained to interact with their environment while maintaining an active and productive lifestyle. ! !

视网膜相关性黄斑变性是中央视野视力丧失的最常见原因， 中心场损耗（CFL）是当今世界的一个主要问题。三分之二的CFL患者抱怨 前庭问题，如头晕和不稳定，导致潜在致命事故的发生率很高 和福尔斯。由于有记录的下降， 前庭功能的变化。CFL患者的前庭功能障碍可能是由于失调或非 最佳稳定眼球运动-许多基本的眼科行为高度依赖于视网膜输入。 具有受损前庭反应的个体在视野稳定性、导航和视力方面存在困难。 自我和外部运动感知。这些局限性对于CFL患者尤其如此， 敏锐度已经受损，并且对于前庭系统可能是运动的主要来源的人， 信息.尽管视觉/前庭互动很重要，但这些行为并没有被 在CFL中进行了全面的研究。本提案旨在弥补这一差距。K99阶段的证据 表明CFL患者比对照组更依赖于头部运动来顺利追踪。 此外，这些数据支持先前的研究结果，头部运动可能会提高平稳的追求 性能R 00阶段的目标1将通过直接解决前庭眼神经系统如何 反射（VOR）消除可能在无头部平滑追踪响应中起作用。此外，这一目标审查 CFL对角VOR本身的影响。该反射几乎不依赖于中央凹。然而，中央凹视觉是 已知有助于VOR校准和当头部运动跟随目标时的抑制 议案角VOR的任何方面的缺陷都将对视觉不稳定和前庭功能产生影响。 受影响的个人的不适。了解这些问题将为必要的治疗提供信息， 人口目的2检查CFL对平移VOR的影响，这是一种依赖于中央凹的行为， 当身体运动时是必不可少的。确定其损害程度和 CFL是理解CFL引起的前庭功能障碍的关键。VOR响应将在被动期间进行研究。 积极的运动。先前的研究表明，这两种类型的大脑在处理过程中存在根本差异。 行为，这表明他们可能会受到不同的影响，中央视力丧失。如果存在这种二分法， 可能会影响患者如何被建议和训练与他们的环境互动， 保持积极和富有成效的生活方式。 ! !