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Algorithm-based prevention and reduction of cancer health disparity arising from data inequality

基于算法的预防和减少数据不平等引起的癌症健康差异

基本信息

批准号：
10275989
负责人：
YAN CUI
金额：
$ 35.23万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE HEALTH SCI CTR
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-09-01 至 2026-08-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10275989
关键词：
Address Affect African American Algorithms Archives Artificial Intelligence Asians Benchmarking Biomedical Research Caucasians Clinical Clinical Research Cohort Studies Computing Methodologies Data Data Set Databases Diagnosis Disadvantaged Distant Ethnic group European Genomics Genotype Goals Healthcare Systems Hispanics Individual Inequality Information Resources Management Internet Knowledge Lead Learning Machine Learning Malignant Neoplasms Medical Genetics Minority Minority Groups Modeling Multiomic Data Outcome Performance Population Predictive Analytics Prevention Prognosis Psychological Transfer Race Research Research Project Grants Resources Retrieval Sampling Scheme System Testing The Cancer Genome Atlas Therapeutic Training Work base cancer genomics cancer health disparity cancer risk cancer subtypes cancer type cohort database of Genotypes and Phenotypes disorder risk ethnic disadvantage ethnic disparity ethnic diversity ethnic minority population experimental study genetic architecture genome wide association study genomic data health disparity improved innovation knowledge base machine learning method multi-ethnic phenotypic data precision medicine prevent research study response secondary analysis self-directed learning statistics user-friendly

项目摘要

Ethnic minority groups have a long-term cumulative data disadvantage in biomedical research and clinical studies. Statistics have shown that over 90% of the samples in cancer-related GWAS and clinical omics projects were collected from Individuals of European ancestry. This severe data disadvantage of the ethnic minority groups is set to produce new health disparities as data-driven, algorithm-based biomedical research and clinical decisions become increasingly common. The new cancer disparity arising from data inequality can potentially impact all ethnic minority groups in all types of cancers where data inequality exists. Thus, its negative impact is not limited to the cancer types or subtypes for which significant ethnic disparities have already been evident. The long-term goal of the proposed research is to prevent or reduce the heath disparities arising from the data disadvantage of ethnic minority groups. The overall objective of this work is to obtain key knowledge and create open resources to establish a new paradigm for machine learning with multiethnic clinical omics data. Our central hypothesis is that the knowledge learned from data of the majority population can be transferred to improve machine learning performance on the data-disadvantaged ethnic minority groups. Guided by strong preliminary data, we will pursuit two specific aims to 1) Discover from cancer clinical omics data and genotype-phenotype data: under what conditions and to what extent the transfer learning scheme improves machine learning model performance on data-disadvantaged ethnic minority groups; 2) Create an open resource system for unbiased multiethnic machine learning to prevent or reduce new health disparities arising from the data disadvantage of ethnic minorities. The approach is innovative because it represents a substantive departure from the status quo by shifting the paradigm of multiethnic machine learning from mixture learning and independent learning schemes to a transfer learning scheme. The proposed research is significant, because it is expected to establish a new paradigm for unbiased multiethnic machine learning and to provide an open resource system to facilitate the paradigm shift, and thus to prevent or reduce health disparities arising from the data disadvantage of ethnic minorities.

少数族裔在生物医学研究和临床方面长期累积数据处于劣势研究。统计显示，癌症相关GWAS和临床组学项目中90%以上的样本是从欧洲血统的个体中收集的。少数民族的这种严重的数据劣势随着数据驱动、基于算法的生物医学研究和临床研究，团体将产生新的健康差异决策变得越来越普遍。由于数据不平等而产生的新的癌症差异可能会影响存在数据不平等的所有类型癌症的所有少数民族群体。因此，其负面影响是不限于已经明显存在显着种族差异的癌症类型或亚型。这拟议研究的长期目标是防止或减少数据引起的健康差异少数民族群体的劣势。这项工作的总体目标是获取关键知识并创造开放资源，利用多种族临床组学数据建立机器学习的新范例。我们的中央假设是从大多数人口的数据中学到的知识可以转移以改进数据弱势族裔群体的机器学习表现。强有力的前期引导数据，我们将追求两个具体目标：1）从癌症临床组学数据和基因型-表型中发现数据：迁移学习方案在什么条件下以及在多大程度上改进了机器学习模型数据处于弱势的少数族裔群体的表现； 2）创建公正的开放资源系统多种族机器学习，以防止或减少因数据劣势而产生的新的健康差异少数民族。这种方法是创新的，因为它代表了对现状的实质性背离通过将多民族机器学习的范式从混合学习和独立学习转变方案到迁移学习方案。拟议的研究意义重大，因为预计将建立公正的多民族机器学习的新范式，并提供开放资源系统以促进范式转变，从而防止或减少因种族数据劣势而产生的健康差异少数民族。