Informing Cancer Epidemiology Through the Identification of Differentiating Chemical Constituents of Cigarillo Smoke

项目摘要 吸烟与多种负面健康后果有关，包括增加各种类型雪茄的风险。 癌症。美国的雪茄使用量在2000至2011年间有所增加，而同期卷烟销量却有所下降 时间段。使用雪茄在少数族裔青年中很常见，并将其作为吸食大麻的工具。在 雪茄的产品类别雪茄是美国最常用的雪茄，与特定的公众联系在一起 健康问题，包括年轻人(18-24岁)的使用率高于老年人和 多种烟草产品的不同共同使用模式。因此，重要的是要提高对 与使用雪茄有关的特殊因素，以便为癌症流行病学提供信息。 在拟议的研究中，我们将确定主流雪茄烟雾的化学成分，这些化学成分包括 与主流卷烟烟雾不同的是通过非靶标化学分析(即识别 在分析给定样本之前没有具体说明的化学品)。预期结果对以下方面很重要 流行病学目的，因为它们可以揭示雪茄烟雾中的致癌物，而不是已知的致癌物 通常与烟草烟雾有关，从而更好地了解环境 流行病学研究中的危险因素。此外，所鉴定的化合物可用于以后的研究 为可用于个人或人群基础的暴露生物标记物的发展提供信息的项目 抽样以估计接触雪茄的情况。 为了实现我们的研究目标，我们将使用二维气相色谱-飞行时间质量 光谱(GC×GC-TOFMS)--一种具有强大非靶向分析能力的先进分析化学技术 化学分析。将使用GC×GC-TOFMS收集两种雪茄的非目标分析化学数据 烟雾和香烟烟雾。来自两个产品(子)类别的数据将相互比较，并且 这些区分产品(子)类别的信号将使用计算毒理学数据库进行评估 (例如，环境保护局CompTox化学品仪表板)，以确定哪些最有可能来自 在雪茄烟雾中会引起重大致癌问题的化合物。随后将进行更多分析 使用真实的化学标准来确认化学特性并对两者的含量进行量化 雪茄烟和香烟烟。 拟议的创新研究旨在识别和量化特定的化学成分。 来自香烟烟雾的雪茄烟雾，以及(2)潜在致癌物质。结果将是互补的 关于使用雪茄对公众健康的影响的流行病学数据。因此，这项调查将 通过为受影响最严重的人群扩大关于癌症风险的知识来促进癌症研究 抽雪茄。

Project Summary Cigar smoking is associated with multiple negative health outcomes, including increased risks for various types of cancer. Cigar use in the U.S. increased between 2000 and 2011 even as cigarette sales declined over the same time period. Cigar use is common among minority youth and as a vehicle to administer cannabis. Within the product class of cigars, cigarillos are the most commonly used in the U.S. and are associated with specific public health concerns, including higher rates of use by young adults (ages 18–24) in contrast to older adults and different patterns of co-use of multiple tobacco products. Thus, it is important to improve the understanding of particular factors related to cigarillo use in order to inform cancer epidemiology. In the proposed research, we will identify the chemical constituents of mainstream cigarillo smoke that are different than those of mainstream cigarette smoke through non-targeted chemical analysis (i.e., the identification of chemicals that are not specified prior to analyzing a given sample). The expected results are important for epidemiological purposes in that they can reveal carcinogens in cigarillo smoke beyond those known to be commonly associated with tobacco smoke in general, thus providing a better understanding of environmental risk factors in epidemiological research. Furthermore, the identified compounds can be used in later research projects to inform the development of biomarkers of exposure that can be used in individual or population base sampling to estimate cigarillo exposure. To achieve our research objective, we will employ two-dimensional gas chromatography–time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOFMS), an advanced analytical chemistry technique with powerful capabilities for non-targeted chemical analysis. GC×GC-TOFMS will be used to collect non-targeted analytical chemistry data for both cigarillo smoke and cigarette smoke. The data from the two product (sub)classes will be compared against one another, and those signals that differentiate the product (sub)classes will be assessed using computational toxicology databases (e.g., the Environmental Protection Agency CompTox Chemicals Dashboard) to determine which are most likely from compounds that would present significant carcinogenicity concerns in cigarillo smoke. Additional analyses will then be performed using authentic chemical standards to confirm the chemical identities and to quantify the amounts in both cigarillo smoke and cigarette smoke. The proposed innovative research is designed to identify and quantify specific chemical constituents (1) that differentiate cigarillo smoke from cigarette smoke, and (2) that are potentially carcinogenic. The results will complement epidemiological data regarding the impact to public health associated with cigarillo use. This investigation will thus advance cancer research through expanding knowledge about cancer risks for those populations most affected by cigarillo smoking.