Flexible Piezoelectric Array for Cardiovascular MonitoringDuring Cardiac Arrest

项目摘要 在院外心脏骤停的情况下，快速检测足够的心脏骤停性能是至关重要的 通过临床可接受的脉率和血压进行心肺复苏(CPR)。然而， 对于没有接受过急救培训的人来说，检测到足够的CPR可能很困难。目前的标准是 非侵入性测量血压是使用基于袖带的示波测量方法。试图将这些发展成为 事实证明，用于自动和连续测量的可穿戴设备很难实现，因此研究人员 看了其他方法。然而，这些方法还没有达到灵活性、准确性和低效性的标准 耗电量。该项目旨在开发一种灵活的贴片，用于准确检测脉率和血液 表面上通过桡动脉、臂动脉、颈动脉和/或股动脉的压力。压电聚合物，是 固有的灵活性，并已用于压力传感的许多应用中，提供了巨大的使用潜力 作为监测心血管功能的贴片状传感器。然而，在标准形式中，材料是 不够敏感，不能准确检测血压。在我们的实验室里，我们已经开发出一种核壳纳米纤维 导电纳米纤维和压电纳米纤维的结构。核壳结构的纳米结构显示出4.5 与标准的压电纳米纤维相比，压力敏感度提高了近40倍 与压电聚合物薄膜相比，性能提高了一倍。这种压力敏感度的提高 应允许由这些材料组成的可穿戴设备的信噪比超过必要的35分贝 准确检测脉搏波速度所需的比率，脉搏波速度是用于确定 血压。再加上我们实验室开发的导电聚合物的喷墨打印图案化技术， 我们计划以可穿戴贴片的形式制作一种新型的核壳纳米纤维压电阵列，用于 心血管监测。为了测试该压电阵列并开发数据驱动的算法 检测血压，测试将在可控的模拟心血管系统上进行，能够 复制人类的舒张压和收缩压、脉率和动脉机械特性。这个 模拟系统可获得的血压在AAMI标准基准范围内，其准确性和 无创血压监测精度为5±8毫米汞柱。我们将训练各种回归模型 使用该系统产生的数据将检测到的脉搏波速度与血压联系起来，我们 将结果与常用的相关方程式进行比较。我们提出了制造方法 我们将开发，当与数据驱动的算法相结合时，将允许开发一种低- 电源，灵活的贴片，能够检测脉率和血压，提供关于充分性的反馈 心肺复苏术。

Project Summary In situations of out of hospital cardiac arrest, it is critical to quickly detect the performance of adequate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) through clinically acceptable pulse rate and blood pressure (BP). However, the detection of adequate CPR can be difficult for someone not trained in first aid. Currently the standard for measuring BP noninvasively is using cuff-based oscillometeric approaches. Attempts at developing these into wearable devices for automated and continuous measurements have proven difficult and so researchers have looked at other methods. However, these methods have not met the criteria for flexibility, accuracy, and low power consumption. This project aims to develop a flexible patch for accurate detection of pulse rate and blood pressure superficially through the radial, brachial, carotid, and/or femoral arteries. Piezoelectric polymers, are inherently flexible and have been used in many applications for pressure sensing, offering great potential for use as a patch-like sensor for monitoring of cardiovascular function. However, in the standard form, the material is not sensitive enough to accurately detect blood pressure. In our lab we have developed a core-shell nanofiber structure of conductive and piezoelectric nanofibers, respectively. The core-shell nanostructure shows a 4.5 times improvement in pressure sensitivity when compared to standard piezoelectric nanofibers and a nearly 40 times improvement when compared to piezoelectric polymer thin films. This improvement in pressure sensitivity should allow for a wearable device composed of these materials to exceed the necessary 35 dB signal to noise ratio required for the accurate detection of pulse wave velocity, a cardiovascular parameter used to determine blood pressure. Coupled with inkjet printing patterning techniques of conductive polymers developed in our lab, we propose to fabricate a novel core-shell nanofiber piezoelectric array in a wearable patch form for cardiovascular monitoring. In order to test this piezoelectric array and develop data-driven algorithms for the detection of blood pressure, testing will occur on a controllable simulated cardiovascular system capable of replicating a human’s diastolic and systolic blood pressures, pulse rates, and arterial mechanical properties. The blood pressure attainable by the simulated system falls within the AAMI standard benchmark for accuracy and precision for noninvasive blood pressure monitoring of 5 ± 8 mmHg. We will train various regression models using the data generated from this system to relate the detected pulse wave velocities to blood pressure and we will compare the outcomes to commonly used correlation equations. We propose that the fabrication methods we will develop, when coupled together with data-driven algorithms, will allow for the development of a low- power, flexible patch, capable of detecting pulse rate and blood pressure, giving feedback on the adequacy of CPR.