Impact of COPD on Lung-Resident MAIT Cell Frequency, Function and Recognition of Bacterial Infection
Impact of COPD on Lung-Resident MAIT Cell Frequency, Function and Recognition of Bacterial Infection
批准号:
10291804
负责人:
Melanie J Harriff
金额:
$0.0万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2018
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2018-04-01 至 2022-03-31
关键词:
Activities of Daily LivingAerosolsAntigensBacteriaBacterial InfectionsBiological AssayCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesCause of DeathCell Death InductionCell SurvivalCell physiologyCellsCellular biologyChronic Obstructive Airway DiseaseContainmentCost of IllnessCustomDataDevelopmentDiagnosisDiseaseDisease ProgressionDustEpithelial CellsFlow CytometryFluorescence MicroscopyFrequenciesFunctional disorderGene ExpressionGeneral PopulationGrowthHost DefenseHumanImmuneImpairmentIndividualInfectionInfiltrationInflammationInflammatoryInterferon Type IILinkLower Respiratory Tract InfectionLungLung diseasesMHC InteractionMediatingMolecular BiologyMucous MembraneNontypable Haemophilus influenzaOutcomePathogenesisPathologyPathway interactionsPatientsPopulationPrevalencePseudomonas aeruginosaRNARisk FactorsRoleSeverity of illnessSilicon DioxideSmokeSmokerSmokingStreptococcus pneumoniaeStructure of parenchyma of lungT-Cell ActivationT-Cell ReceptorT-LymphocyteT-Lymphocyte SubsetsTherapeuticTimeUnited StatesVeteransVirus DiseasesWorkairway epitheliumairway inflammationairway obstructionairway remodelingantimicrobialcell killingcellular pathologycigarette smokecostcytokinecytotoxiccytotoxic CD8 T cellsdirect applicationimprovedmacrophagemilitary veteranneutrophilpalliativepathogenpathogenic bacteriaperipheral bloodpulmonary functionrecruitrespiratoryrespiratory pathogenresponsestandard caretreatment strategy
中文摘要
慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)现在是美国第三大死因,
英文摘要
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is now the 3rd leading cause of death in the United States,
and the only cause of death that is on the rise. Smoking is the most common risk factor for COPD, however
there are other environmental triggers such as dust, smoke, sand, or aerosols. Nearly one in ten VA patients
are diagnosed with COPD and the costs associated with these patients are ten times higher than for all other
conditions. Despite the prevalence of COPD, our understanding of the immune mechanisms that drive
development of the disease is incomplete. There is increasing evidence that cytotoxic CD8+ T cells are critical
to the pathology of COPD. Work done by the PI and collaborators has identified mucosal associated invariant
T (MAIT) cells as an ‘innate’-like lung-resident CD8+ T cell population capable of recognizing airway epithelial
cells infected with COPD-associated lung pathogens. Although lower airway bacterial infections are associated
with COPD and are correlated with airway function, the mechanisms by which infections develop and
contribute to COPD pathogenesis is not yet clear. Because CD8+ T cells recognize and destroy target cells
infected with pathogens, lung-resident CD8+ T cells like MAIT cells may be important for containment of
bacterial infections. In fact, we find that MAIT cells, which are highly enriched in human airways, have reduced
frequency in the peripheral blood of COPD patients. Furthermore, we find that MAIT cells, while capable of
controlling the growth of bacteria, are impaired in their ability to make IFN-g in response to bacterially infected
airway epithelial cells from patients with COPD. The effect of COPD on MAIT cell function is not known and
may be essential to understanding how lower respiratory infections contribute to the development of COPD
and COPD exacerbations.
This proposal is focused on determining the mechanisms by which COPD alters the frequency and function of
MAIT cells, particularly with regard to recognition of bacterially infected airway epithelial cells. Additionally, we
will determine the consequences of altered MAIT cell activation on bacterial survival and inflammation.
This project contains two Aims:
Aim 1. Define the frequency and functional capacity of MAIT cells among CD8+ T cells from COPD
lungs.
Aim 2. Define the mechanisms underlying MAIT cell-mediated killing of bacteria, and how these
mechanisms are modulated in COPD.
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会议论文
Impact of COPD on Lung-Resident MAIT Cell Frequency, Function and Recognition of Bacterial Infection
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批准号:9892960
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$0.0万
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财政年份:2018
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负责人:Melanie J Harriff
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依托单位:
Distinct pathways for MR1 antigen presentation upon infection with intracellular versus extracellular pathogens
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批准号:9883714
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$37.07万
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财政年份:2017
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负责人:Melanie J Harriff
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依托单位:
Mtb uptake and antigen presentation in human lung epithelial cells
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批准号:8391103
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$0.0万
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财政年份:2011
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负责人:Melanie J Harriff
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依托单位:
Mtb uptake and antigen presentation in human lung epithelial cells
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批准号:8244008
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$0.0万
-
财政年份:2011
-
负责人:Melanie J Harriff
-
依托单位:
Mtb uptake and antigen presentation in human lung epithelial cells
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批准号:8595290
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$0.0万
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财政年份:2011
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负责人:Melanie J Harriff
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依托单位:
海外基金