Impact of COPD on Lung-Resident MAIT Cell Frequency, Function and Recognition of Bacterial Infection
Impact of COPD on Lung-Resident MAIT Cell Frequency, Function and Recognition of Bacterial Infection
批准号:
10291804
负责人:
Melanie J Harriff
金额:
$0.0万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2018
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2018-04-01 至 2022-03-31
关键词:
Activities of Daily LivingAerosolsAntigensBacteriaBacterial InfectionsBiological AssayCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesCause of DeathCell Death InductionCell SurvivalCell physiologyCellsCellular biologyChronic Obstructive Airway DiseaseContainmentCost of IllnessCustomDataDevelopmentDiagnosisDiseaseDisease ProgressionDustEpithelial CellsFlow CytometryFluorescence MicroscopyFrequenciesFunctional disorderGene ExpressionGeneral PopulationGrowthHost DefenseHumanImmuneImpairmentIndividualInfectionInfiltrationInflammationInflammatoryInterferon Type IILinkLower Respiratory Tract InfectionLungLung diseasesMHC InteractionMediatingMolecular BiologyMucous MembraneNontypable Haemophilus influenzaOutcomePathogenesisPathologyPathway interactionsPatientsPopulationPrevalencePseudomonas aeruginosaRNARisk FactorsRoleSeverity of illnessSilicon DioxideSmokeSmokerSmokingStreptococcus pneumoniaeStructure of parenchyma of lungT-Cell ActivationT-Cell ReceptorT-LymphocyteT-Lymphocyte SubsetsTherapeuticTimeUnited StatesVeteransVirus DiseasesWorkairway epitheliumairway inflammationairway obstructionairway remodelingantimicrobialcell killingcellular pathologycigarette smokecostcytokinecytotoxiccytotoxic CD8 T cellsdirect applicationimprovedmacrophagemilitary veteranneutrophilpalliativepathogenpathogenic bacteriaperipheral bloodpulmonary functionrecruitrespiratoryrespiratory pathogenresponsestandard caretreatment strategy
中文摘要
慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)目前已成为美国第三大主要死亡原因。
然而,吸烟是慢性阻塞性肺病最常见的危险因素之一,也是导致死亡的唯一原因。
还有其他常见的环境问题触发因素,如粉尘、烟雾、沙子、空气或气雾剂。每十名VA患者中就有近十分之一的人。
他们被诊断出患有慢性阻塞性肺疾病,而与这些患者相关的医疗费用是其他所有患者的10倍以上。
病情。尽管慢性阻塞性肺疾病的患病率很高,但我们对导致这种疾病的主要免疫机制缺乏了解。
人类疾病的发展进程还不完整。越来越多的证据表明,CD8+T细胞的细胞毒作用并不重要。
为了探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病的病理基础,作者和合作者们所做的工作已经确定了一种与不变粘膜相关的组织。
T细胞(MAIT)被认为是一种先天的、类似于肺的CD8-T细胞群,能够识别呼吸道上皮细胞。
细胞感染与慢性阻塞性肺疾病相关的肺部疾病病原体。尽管下呼吸道细菌感染与肺部疾病密切相关。
慢性阻塞性肺疾病的发生和发展与呼吸道功能密切相关,影响感染发生和发展的主要机制。
COPD的发病机制目前尚不清楚,这是因为CD8+T细胞可以识别并破坏靶细胞。
在感染了其他病原体的人中,居住在肺内的CD8+T细胞和MAIT+细胞一样,可能是控制肺炎的重要因素。
细菌感染。事实上,我们会发现人类呼吸道中高度浓缩的MAIT细胞减少了。
在慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的外周血中,频率是不同的。此外,我们还可以发现,MAIT是由细胞组成的,同时也是有能力的。
通过控制细菌的生长速度,他们在应对细菌感染时产生干扰素-的能力受到了严重损害。
慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的呼吸道上皮细胞,其对MAIT细胞功能的影响尚不清楚。
这可能是加深对以下呼吸道感染如何促进慢性阻塞性肺疾病未来发展的理解的关键。
慢性阻塞性肺病的病情恶化。
--
这项建议的重点是确定慢性阻塞性肺病患者的主要机制,这些机制改变了慢性阻塞性肺疾病的发病频率和功能。
MAIT支持细胞,特别是在识别被细菌感染的呼吸道上皮细胞方面。
将不会确定改变MAIT基因后的细胞激活对细菌存活能力和炎症的主要后果。
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这一项目计划包含以下两个主要目标:
目的:1.明确慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者CD8+T细胞中CD8+T细胞的频率和功能。
肺部。他说。
目的:2.定义细胞介导的杀灭细菌的潜在机制,以及这些机制是如何实现的。
在慢性阻塞性肺疾病中,这些机制是不受调节的。
英文摘要
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is now the 3rd leading cause of death in the United States,
and the only cause of death that is on the rise. Smoking is the most common risk factor for COPD, however
there are other environmental triggers such as dust, smoke, sand, or aerosols. Nearly one in ten VA patients
are diagnosed with COPD and the costs associated with these patients are ten times higher than for all other
conditions. Despite the prevalence of COPD, our understanding of the immune mechanisms that drive
development of the disease is incomplete. There is increasing evidence that cytotoxic CD8+ T cells are critical
to the pathology of COPD. Work done by the PI and collaborators has identified mucosal associated invariant
T (MAIT) cells as an ‘innate’-like lung-resident CD8+ T cell population capable of recognizing airway epithelial
cells infected with COPD-associated lung pathogens. Although lower airway bacterial infections are associated
with COPD and are correlated with airway function, the mechanisms by which infections develop and
contribute to COPD pathogenesis is not yet clear. Because CD8+ T cells recognize and destroy target cells
infected with pathogens, lung-resident CD8+ T cells like MAIT cells may be important for containment of
bacterial infections. In fact, we find that MAIT cells, which are highly enriched in human airways, have reduced
frequency in the peripheral blood of COPD patients. Furthermore, we find that MAIT cells, while capable of
controlling the growth of bacteria, are impaired in their ability to make IFN-g in response to bacterially infected
airway epithelial cells from patients with COPD. The effect of COPD on MAIT cell function is not known and
may be essential to understanding how lower respiratory infections contribute to the development of COPD
and COPD exacerbations.
This proposal is focused on determining the mechanisms by which COPD alters the frequency and function of
MAIT cells, particularly with regard to recognition of bacterially infected airway epithelial cells. Additionally, we
will determine the consequences of altered MAIT cell activation on bacterial survival and inflammation.
This project contains two Aims:
Aim 1. Define the frequency and functional capacity of MAIT cells among CD8+ T cells from COPD
lungs.
Aim 2. Define the mechanisms underlying MAIT cell-mediated killing of bacteria, and how these
mechanisms are modulated in COPD.
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Impact of COPD on Lung-Resident MAIT Cell Frequency, Function and Recognition of Bacterial Infection
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批准号:9892960
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$0.0万
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财政年份:2018
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负责人:Melanie J Harriff
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资助金额:$37.07万
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批准号:8391103
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$0.0万
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财政年份:2011
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负责人:Melanie J Harriff
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依托单位:
Mtb uptake and antigen presentation in human lung epithelial cells
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批准号:8244008
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$0.0万
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财政年份:2011
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负责人:Melanie J Harriff
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Mtb uptake and antigen presentation in human lung epithelial cells
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批准号:8595290
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$0.0万
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财政年份:2011
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负责人:Melanie J Harriff
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依托单位:
海外基金