Proximal and Distal Associations between Alcohol Demand, Subjective Craving, and Alcohol-Related Outcomes using an Ad-Lib Paradigm

使用即兴范式研究酒精需求、主观渴望和酒精相关结果之间的近端和远端关联

• 批准号: 10300990
• 负责人: Nicole Schultz
• 金额: $ 6.87万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-16 至 2023-09-15
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10300990
• 关键词: Acute; Addictive Behavior; Address; Age of Onset; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol dependence; Alcohols; Chronic; Communities; Consumption; Data; Development; Distal; Economics; Elasticity; Etiology; Exposure to; Frequencies; Future; Goals; Health; Heavy Drinking; Hour; Impulsivity; Individual; Injury; Intervention; Intoxication; Literature; Measures; Mediating; Motivation; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Outcome; Participant; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Prevention; Price; Public Health; Research; Research Design; Research Priority; Research Training; Risk; Risk Factors; Risk Reduction; Role; Sampling; Social Problems; Statistical Methods; Symptoms; Time; Training; Treatment outcome; Writing; addiction; alcohol demand; alcohol effect; alcohol exposure; alcohol free; alcohol misuse; alcohol related problem; alcohol use disorder; behavioral economics; breath alcohol measurement; brief intervention; craving; deter alcohol use; drinking; follow-up; high risk sexual behavior; improved; indexing; reinforcer; social deficits; theories; violence exposure; young adult; young adult alcohol use

Project Summary Heavy alcohol use among young adults (YA) is a major public health concern and is associated with well- documented short- and long-term consequences. Recent data suggest that a third of YA engage in heavy alcohol use, and that moderate and severe alcohol use disorders (AUD) have an earlier age of onset compared to mild AUD. These data highlight the importance of understanding risk factors for heavy alcohol use and the development of AUD among YA. Behavioral economic theory combines operant and economic principles to posit that alcohol’s reinforcing value (RV) is the final pathway to alcohol consumption and explains the persistence of alcohol use despite the associated negative consequences. Alcohol demand is a quantitative measure of alcohol’s RV and can provide useful information about patterns of heavy alcohol use and associated risk for development of AUD among YA. Alcohol demand has been cross-sectionally associated with greater quantity and frequency of alcohol use, alcohol dependence, and poor treatment outcomes among YA. Further, alcohol demand may help explain the inconsistent relationship between subjective craving and alcohol-related outcomes, as subjective craving and alcohol demand appear to represent unique facets of motivation. It is theorized that increased alcohol demand may be more proximal to alcohol consumption than subjective craving, but more research is necessary to elucidate this relationship. While demand has been associated with alcohol-related outcomes, alcohol demand is known to fluctuate over time, and few studies have assessed the proximal and distal associations between alcohol demand, subjective craving, and alcohol-related outcomes as a function of acute intoxication. These data would fill an important gap in the literature by demonstrating the relationship between alcohol demand, subjective craving, and alcohol consumption within a drinking episode and longitudinally, which has implications for understanding the unique roles of these variables in YA alcohol use, as well as who might be at greatest risk for the development of AUD. Relatedly, these data have important implications for prevention and intervention efforts aimed at YA. Specifically, findings from the proposed study could inform brief interventions aimed at reducing within drinking session demand with the goal of reducing risk of the development of AUD over time. Using a multimethod research design, the proposed study will fill an important gap in the behavioral economic and subjective craving literature with the following aims: 1) to assess the proximal temporal relationship between demand for alcohol, subjective craving, and subsequent alcohol consumption in an ad-lib drinking paradigm; 2) To examine the distal temporal relationship between alcohol demand, subjective craving, and drinking outcomes following a period of acute intoxication. In addition to addressing these specific aims, the applicant will also receive training in: 1) the etiology of alcohol use among young adults, more broadly, 2) development and management of alcohol administration studies, 3) advanced statistical methods, and 4) scientific writing.

项目摘要 年轻人中大量饮酒(YA)是一个主要的公共卫生问题，并与良好的 有记录的短期和长期后果。最近的数据显示，三分之一的雅加达人从事重型工作 酒精使用，且中度和重度酒精使用障碍(AUD)起病年龄较早 与轻度澳元相比。这些数据突显了了解酗酒风险因素的重要性。 以及澳元在YA中的发展情况。行为经济学理论结合了运筹学和经济学 假设酒精的强化价值(RV)是酒精消费的最终途径的原则并解释 尽管有相关的负面后果，但仍坚持使用酒精。酒精需求是一种 定量测量酒精的RV，可以提供有关重度酒精使用模式的有用信息 以及与之相关的澳元病的发展风险。对酒精的需求一直是跨部门的 与更多的饮酒量和更频繁的饮酒、酒精依赖和不良治疗有关 YA之间的结果。此外，酒精需求可能有助于解释两者之间的不一致关系 主观渴望和酒精相关的结果，因为主观渴望和酒精需求似乎 代表了激励的独特方面。据推测，酒精需求的增加可能更接近于 饮酒多于主观渴望，但需要更多的研究来阐明这种关系。 虽然需求与酒精相关的结果有关，但众所周知，酒精需求在 时间，很少有研究评估酒精需求的近端和远端之间的关联，主观的 渴望，以及与酒精相关的结果，作为急性中毒的功能。这些数据将填补一个重要的 通过证明酒精需求、主观渴望和 在饮酒期间和纵向饮酒，这对理解 这些变量在YA酒精使用中的独特作用，以及谁可能面临最大的发展风险 澳元。与此相关的是，这些数据对针对YA的预防和干预工作具有重要影响。 具体地说，这项拟议研究的结果可能会为旨在减少饮酒的短暂干预提供参考 会议需求，目标是随着时间的推移降低澳元发展的风险。使用多种方法 研究设计，提出的研究将填补行为经济学和主观性研究的重要空白 渴求文献的目的如下：1)评估需求之间的近时间关系 随机饮酒范例中的酒精、主观渴望和随后的饮酒；2)检查 饮酒需求、主观渴望和饮酒结果之间的远期关系 急性中毒期。除了解决这些具体目标外，申请者还将收到 培训：1)年轻人饮酒的病因学，更广泛地说，2)发展和管理 酒精给药研究，3)先进的统计方法，4)科学写作。