Toxicity testing of fresh and photochemically aged burn pit smoke emissions

新鲜和光化学老化燃烧坑烟雾排放的毒性测试

• 批准号: 10319179
• 负责人: Yong Ho Kim
• 金额: $ 7.78万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-12-15 至 2022-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10319179
• 关键词: Address; Afghanistan; Aging; Air; Air Pollution; Analytical Chemistry; Area; Atmosphere; Automobile Driving; Bacteria; Biological; Biological Markers; Biomass; Burn injury; Cellular biology; Chemical Evolution; Chemicals; Chemistry; Collaborations; Communities; Community Health; DNA Damage; Data; Disease; Dust; Epithelial Cells; Exhibits; Exposure to; Future; Geology; Goals; Health; Health Professional; High Prevalence; Human; Human Resources; In Vitro; Incidence; Inflammatory; Investigation; Iraq; Laboratories; Lead; Link; Liquid substance; Lung; Measures; Methods; Middle East; Military Personnel; Mutation; North Carolina; Outcome; Particulate Matter; Persons; Phase; Photochemistry; Poison; Population; Process; Production; Property; Public Health; Reaction; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Respiratory distress; Risk; Role; Salmonella; Science; Severities; Site; Smoke; Source; System; Techniques; Testing; Toxic effect; Toxicity Tests; Toxicology; Ultraviolet Rays; United States; United States Environmental Protection Agency; Universities; Veterans; War; Wildfire; Wood material; base; bronchial epithelium; burn pit; cytotoxicity; exhaust; improved; in vitro Model; innovation; interest; lung injury; military service; novel; novel strategies; oxidation; pollutant; respiratory; response; simulation; skills; wasting

Project Summary A burn pit, a common way to get rid of waste at United States (U.S.) military bases in war zones (e.g., Iraq and Afghanistan), produces potentially toxic compounds in the air. As a result, tens of thousands of deployed military and civilian personnel are exposed to burn pit smoke during their military service. Importantly, burn pit smoke can react in the atmosphere to produce secondary (aged) products that may have even greater toxicity. Consequently, the actual composition of what one is exposed to is mostly aged products not what is freshly emitted from burn pit combustions. Thus, it is critical to understand the health consequences of aged burn pit smoke exposure. While there is a high prevalence of respiratory conditions in veterans returning from war zones, the relationship to burn pit smoke exposure is not well understood. Particularly, the variabilities in toxicological responses to aged and fresh burn pit smoke have yet to be fully established and evaluated in the context of chemical composition. To address this important research issue, we will use novel approaches to 1) simulate burn pit smoke emissions in the atmosphere, 2) evaluate their mutagenic and lung toxic responses following exposures, and 3) determine rank order of adverse health effects induced by different burn pit emissions. Specific aim 1 will determine differences in physico-chemical properties of fresh and aged burn pit smoke. Specific aim 2 will use in vitro models to identify key factor(s) of the burn pit smoke that are likely driving their biological responses. This research will be carried out through a collaboration with laboratories at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the University of North Carolina, and North Carolina State University, allowing for a unique combination of expertise in combustion science, analytical chemistry, and cell biology. This project will provide critical information needed to characterize chemical evolution of burn pit smoke in the atmosphere and to identify primary chemical drivers of possible adverse health effects (mutagenic and lung toxic effects) associated with aged burn pit smoke exposure.

项目总结

项目成果

Chemistry and lung toxicity of particulate matter emitted from firearms.

• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24856-5
• 发表时间: 2022-12-01
• 期刊: SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Kim, Yong Ho;Vance, Samuel A.;Aurell, Johanna;Holder, Amara L.;Pancras, Joseph Patrick;Gullett, Brian;Gavett, Stephen H.;McNesby, Kevin L.;Gilmour, M. Ian
• 通讯作者: Gilmour, M. Ian

Computational Approach to Link Chemicals in Anthropogenic Smoke Particulate Matter with Toxicity.

将人为烟雾颗粒物中的化学物质与毒性联系起来的计算方法。

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.2c00270
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Chemical research in toxicology
• 影响因子: 4.1
• 作者: Kim,YongHo;Rager,JuliaE;Jaspers,Ilona;Gilmour,MIan
• 通讯作者: Gilmour,MIan