Examining naturalistic social engagement: Using mobile eye-tracking to investigate individual differences and within-person variation in adolescent behavior, attention, and neural processing

检查自然主义的社会参与：使用移动眼动追踪来研究青少年行为、注意力和神经处理的个体差异和人内差异

• 批准号: 10321277
• 负责人: Alicia Vallorani
• 金额: $ 4.2万
• 依托单位: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10321277
• 关键词: 13 year old; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent Behavior; Amygdaloid structure; Anxiety; Attention; Behavior; Behavior assessment; Behavioral; Brain; Career Choice; Computers; Cues; Data; Development; Emotional; Emotions; Exhibits; Fellowship; Foundations; Future; Goals; Individual; Individual Differences; Influentials; Intervention; Literature; Measures; Mental Depression; Methodology; Mind; Neurosciences; Parietal; Participant; Pattern; Perception; Persons; Play; Prefrontal Cortex; Preparation; Process; Psyche structure; Psychopathology; Regulation; Research; Rewards; Risk; Risk Marker; Role; Shapes; Social Behavior; Social Development; Social Environment; Social Interaction; Social Values; Stimulus; Symptoms; System; Techniques; Temporal Lobe; Time; Training; Transact; Variant; Well in self; Work; anxiety symptoms; anxiety treatment; anxious individuals; base; career; design; early adolescence; emotional stimulus; experience; gaze; multilevel analysis; neuroimaging; novel; peer; programs; relating to nervous system; response; social; social attention; social engagement; social relationships; social skills; vigilance; virtual; visual tracking

Project Summary/Abstract Peer relationships are highly influential in adolescent social development1,2 and may be protective against anxiety3 and depression.4,5 Investigating markers of social engagement may elucidate targets for understanding processes underlying individual socio-emotional trajectories. Two major gaps exist in the literature on adolescent social engagement: 1) The behavioral and attentional mechanisms underlying successful social engagement are not well understood. 2) Studies examining potential mechanisms a) rely on computer-based tasks that emulate social interactions (e.g., cyberball,6 chatroom task,7,8 virtual school9) or b) forgo measures of neural processing or eye-tracking in favor of more naturalistic social interactions. In the current study, 13-year-olds will be paired with a novel peer and provided the opportunity to engage in a naturalistic social interaction. During the social interaction, behavioral and mobile eye-tracking (MET) data will be collected. Importantly, the mobile eye-tracking system will also capture each participant’s perspective of the social interaction. Gaze measures will be used to examine social attention during a naturalistic interaction. The perspective videos will be used to examine mentalizing system and threat circuit connectivity in response to the naturalistic interaction. Specifically, participants will “re-live” the interaction in the scanner, watching both positive and negative moments from both their, and their partner’s, perspectives. The design will enable the identification of multiple markers of naturalistic social engagement and the research team will address three main aims: 1) Identify individual differences in adolescent social attention and behavior during a naturalistic peer interaction. 2) Examine individual differences in mentalizing system and threat circuit connectivity during a re-experienced peer interaction. 3) Examine the potential moderating effect of social attention on individual differences in mentalizing system and threat circuit connectivity patterns. Findings will provide valuable information about markers of social engagement, paving the way for future work examining how these markers may develop and interact to support the emergence of psychopathology, particularly anxiety. The current study is designed with an integrated training plan that will prepare the fellowship applicant for a future career as a developmental neuroscientist. The three overarching training goals are: 1) Obtain training in how to measure individual differences in adolescent peer interactions. 2) Obtain training in neuroscience methodology and multilevel modeling. 3) Advance training and professional development in preparation for an independent research career. These training goals will effectively prepare the applicant for the next steps in the desired career path of becoming a developmental neuroscientist as well as lay the foundation for a future research program examining how interacting processes, behavioral, attentional and neural, underlie the development of social engagement, which also may modulate risk for psychopathology.

项目摘要/摘要 同伴关系在青少年的社会发展中具有很高的影响1,2，可能会受到保护 焦虑3和抑郁。4,5调查社会参与的标志可能阐明 了解个人社会情感轨迹的基础过程。存在两个主要差距 有关青少年社会参与的文献：1）行为和注意机制 成功的社会参与并不理解。 2）研究潜在机制a）依靠 模拟社交互动的基于计算机的任务（例如网络球，6个聊天室任务，7,8虚拟学院9）或b） 放弃对神经化学或眼神追踪的测量，以更自然的社会互动。在 当前的研究，13岁的孩子将与一个新颖的同伴配对，并为参与 自然主义的社会互动。在社交互动期间，行为和移动眼睛跟踪（MET）数据将 被收集。重要的是，移动眼神跟踪系统还将捕获每个参与者对 社交互动。凝视措施将用于检查自然主义互动期间的社会关注。这 透视视频将用于检查心理系统和威胁电路连接性的响应 自然主义的互动。具体来说，参与者将“重新播放”扫描仪中的互动，观看两者 他们和伴侣的观点的积极和消极时刻。设计将使 识别自然主义社会参与的多个标记，研究团队将解决三个 主要目的：1）确定自然主义期间青少年社会关注和行为的个体差异 对等相互作用。 2）检查心理系统和威胁电路连接的个体差异 重新经验的同伴相互作用。 3）检查社会关注对个人的潜在调节作用 心理系统和威胁电路连接模式的差异。调查结果将提供价值 有关社会参与标记的信息，为未来的工作铺平了研究这些标记的方式 可以发展和互动以支持精神病学的出现，尤其是焦虑。 当前的研究是通过集成培训计划设计的，该计划将为奖学金申请人做好准备 作为发展神经科学家的未来职业。三个总体培训目标是：1） 如何衡量青少年同伴相互作用的个体差异。 2）获得神经科学的培训 方法和多级建模。 3）提前培训和专业发展，准备 独立研究职业。这些培训目标将有效地为申请人做好准备的 成为发展神经科学家的期望的职业道路，并为未来奠定基础 研究计划研究了相互作用的过程，行为，注意力和神经，是如何的 社会参与的发展，这也可能调节心理病理学的风险。