Adolescent substance use as determinant and consequence of the school-to-prison pipeline: Disentangling individual risk, social determinants, and group disparities

青少年药物使用作为学校到监狱渠道的决定因素和后果：理清个人风险、社会决定因素和群体差异

• 批准号: 10331308
• 负责人: Seth Jacob PRINS
• 金额: $ 16.86万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-02-01 至 2024-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10331308
• 关键词: Address; Administrator; Adolescent; Adult; Area; California; Censuses; Characteristics; Civil Rights; Color; Communities; Complex; Criminal Justice; Criminology; Data; Data Collection; Data Set; Development; Development Plans; Discipline; Education; Educational workshop; Exposure to; Future Teacher; Goals; Grant; Health; Health education; Imprisonment; Individual; Intervention; Justice; Knowledge; Learning; Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Mental disorders; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Mentorship; Methods; National Institute of Drug Abuse; National Longitudinal Survey of Adolescent to Adult Health; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Police; Policies; Positioning Attribute; Prisons; Public Health; Research; Research Personnel; Research Training; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; School Teachers; Schools; Sex Orientation; Source; Students; Supervision; Surveys; Suspensions; System; Testing; Time; Training; United States; Writing; adolescent health; adolescent substance use; base; behavioral/social science; career development; community-level factor; educational atmosphere; experience; health disparity; multidisciplinary; programs; prospective; segregation; skills; social determinants; substance use; symposium; teacher; theories; trend

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The purpose of this Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (K01) is to help me become an independent investigator who conducts interdisciplinary, policy-relevant research on the individual, school, and community factors that put adolescents at risk for substance use and justice system contact. Specifically, I propose to investigate an issue previously unexplored: the role of substance use as a determinant and consequence of the “school-to-prison pipeline”—a set of policies and practices that make it more likely for some adolescents to become entrenched in the criminal justice system than to receive a quality education. The training from this K01 will allow me to (1) learn and apply more specialized, advance quantitative methods in complex nested data and causal inference for mediation and interaction; (2) gain expertise in racial and LGBTQ health disparities and (3) adolescent health and juvenile justice; and (4) gain skills in grant-writing, professional development, sampling methods, and data collection/acquisition necessary for submitting my first R01 proposal. My career development plan includes specific seminars, workshops, coursework, conferences, and tailored mentoring from a multidisciplinary team comprising experts in social/behavioral sciences, advanced quantitative methods, adolescent trajectories of substance use and mental illness, racial and LGBTQ disparities in health and school discipline, school policy and adolescent health, adolescent exposure to the criminal justice system, and criminological theory and juvenile justice. The proposed research is particularly important because school- based arrests have skyrocketed 300-500% since the 1990s, and out-of-school suspensions (which double the risk of arrest) have more than doubled over the past 40 years. However, there is a substantial gap in knowledge about the public health consequences of these trends, given that (1) adolescents with substance use problems have increased risk of exposure to the justice system, and exposure to the justice system increases subsequent risk of substance use problems; (2) substance use is a prototypical “zero tolerance” infraction implicated in school discipline/arrest; and (3) there are known racial and sexual orientation disparities in school discipline and substance use. To fill this gap, the proposed research will (1) investigate prospective associations among substance use, teacher/school factors, school discipline, community factors, and school-based arrests with unprecedented multi-level, multi-source data on students, teachers, schools, and communities; (2) determine whether modifiable individual, teacher, school, and community factors explain racial and LGBTQ disparities in substance-use-related school discipline/arrests; and (3) test whether there is a reciprocal relationship between substance use, school discipline, and school-based arrests. This project will inform a NIDA R01 proposal that will expand and further develop K01 research findings. The new skills I acquire through this K01 will position me to become an independent researcher who integrates substance use, public health, and criminal justice research, and one of the few investigators studying the substance-use-related school-to-prison pipeline.

项目摘要/摘要 这个受过指导的研究科学家发展奖（K01）的目的是帮助我成为一个 对个人，学校和学校进行跨学科的，与政策相关的研究的独立调查员 社区因素使青少年有毒品使用和司法系统接触的风险。具体来说，我 提出调查以前意外问题的提议：使用物质用作确定性的作用和 “学校到监狱管道”的后果 - 一套政策和实践，使某些人更有可能 青少年在刑事司法系统中根深蒂固，而不是接受高质量的教育。培训 从这个K01中，我可以（1）在复杂的复杂中学习和应用更专业的，提前的定量方法 嵌套的数据和因果关系推断调解和相互作用； （2）获得种族和LGBTQ健康方面的专业知识 差异和（3）青少年健康和少年正义； （4）获得赠款，专业的技能 提交我的第一个R01提案所需的开发，抽样方法以及数据收集/获取。 我的职业发展计划包括特定的半手，讲习班，课程，会议和量身定制 由多学科团队的指导完成社会/行为科学专家，高级定量 健康的方法，青少年轨迹，精神疾病，种族和LGBTQ健康差异 以及学校纪律，学校政策和青少年健康，青少年接触刑事司法系统， 以及批判理论和少年正义。拟议的研究尤其重要，因为学校 自1990年代以来，基于逮捕的逮捕已飙升了300-500％，并且是校外停赛（这是一倍 在过去的40年中，逮捕风险已增加了一倍以上。但是，知识的差距很大 关于这些趋势的公共卫生后果，鉴于（1）有药物使用问题的青少年 增加了接触司法系统的风险，并且接触司法系统会增加随后的增加 药物使用问题的风险； （2）使用物质是涉及学校涉及的典型的“零耐受性”违规 纪律/逮捕； （3）学校纪律中存在已知的种族和性取向差异， 使用物质。为了填补这一空白，拟议的研究将（1）调查 药物使用，教师/学校因素，学校纪律，社区因素和基于学校的逮捕 关于学生，教师，学校和社区的空前的多层次，多源数据； （2）确定 可修改的个人，教师，学校和社区因素是否解释了种族和LGBTQ差异 与药物相关的学校纪律/逮捕； （3）测试是否之间是否存在相互关系 药物使用，学校纪律和基于学校的逮捕。该项目将告知NIDA R01提案 将扩展并进一步发展K01研究结果。我通过此K01获得的新技能将使我定位 成为一名独立研究人员，将药物使用，公共卫生和刑事司法整合在一起 研究，也是研究与物质使用相关的学校到监狱管道的少数研究者之一。