Adolescent substance use as determinant and consequence of the school-to-prison pipeline: Disentangling individual risk, social determinants, and group disparities

青少年药物使用作为学校到监狱渠道的决定因素和后果：理清个人风险、社会决定因素和群体差异

• 批准号: 10331308
• 负责人: Seth Jacob PRINS
• 金额: $ 16.86万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-02-01 至 2024-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10331308
• 关键词: Address; Administrator; Adolescent; Adult; Area; California; Censuses; Characteristics; Civil Rights; Color; Communities; Complex; Criminal Justice; Criminology; Data; Data Collection; Data Set; Development; Development Plans; Discipline; Education; Educational workshop; Exposure to; Future Teacher; Goals; Grant; Health; Health education; Imprisonment; Individual; Intervention; Justice; Knowledge; Learning; Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Mental disorders; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Mentorship; Methods; National Institute of Drug Abuse; National Longitudinal Survey of Adolescent to Adult Health; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Police; Policies; Positioning Attribute; Prisons; Public Health; Research; Research Personnel; Research Training; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; School Teachers; Schools; Sex Orientation; Source; Students; Supervision; Surveys; Suspensions; System; Testing; Time; Training; United States; Writing; adolescent health; adolescent substance use; base; behavioral/social science; career development; community-level factor; educational atmosphere; experience; health disparity; multidisciplinary; programs; prospective; segregation; skills; social determinants; substance use; symposium; teacher; theories; trend

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The purpose of this Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (K01) is to help me become an independent investigator who conducts interdisciplinary, policy-relevant research on the individual, school, and community factors that put adolescents at risk for substance use and justice system contact. Specifically, I propose to investigate an issue previously unexplored: the role of substance use as a determinant and consequence of the “school-to-prison pipeline”—a set of policies and practices that make it more likely for some adolescents to become entrenched in the criminal justice system than to receive a quality education. The training from this K01 will allow me to (1) learn and apply more specialized, advance quantitative methods in complex nested data and causal inference for mediation and interaction; (2) gain expertise in racial and LGBTQ health disparities and (3) adolescent health and juvenile justice; and (4) gain skills in grant-writing, professional development, sampling methods, and data collection/acquisition necessary for submitting my first R01 proposal. My career development plan includes specific seminars, workshops, coursework, conferences, and tailored mentoring from a multidisciplinary team comprising experts in social/behavioral sciences, advanced quantitative methods, adolescent trajectories of substance use and mental illness, racial and LGBTQ disparities in health and school discipline, school policy and adolescent health, adolescent exposure to the criminal justice system, and criminological theory and juvenile justice. The proposed research is particularly important because school- based arrests have skyrocketed 300-500% since the 1990s, and out-of-school suspensions (which double the risk of arrest) have more than doubled over the past 40 years. However, there is a substantial gap in knowledge about the public health consequences of these trends, given that (1) adolescents with substance use problems have increased risk of exposure to the justice system, and exposure to the justice system increases subsequent risk of substance use problems; (2) substance use is a prototypical “zero tolerance” infraction implicated in school discipline/arrest; and (3) there are known racial and sexual orientation disparities in school discipline and substance use. To fill this gap, the proposed research will (1) investigate prospective associations among substance use, teacher/school factors, school discipline, community factors, and school-based arrests with unprecedented multi-level, multi-source data on students, teachers, schools, and communities; (2) determine whether modifiable individual, teacher, school, and community factors explain racial and LGBTQ disparities in substance-use-related school discipline/arrests; and (3) test whether there is a reciprocal relationship between substance use, school discipline, and school-based arrests. This project will inform a NIDA R01 proposal that will expand and further develop K01 research findings. The new skills I acquire through this K01 will position me to become an independent researcher who integrates substance use, public health, and criminal justice research, and one of the few investigators studying the substance-use-related school-to-prison pipeline.

项目总结/摘要 这个指导研究科学家发展奖（K 01）的目的是帮助我成为一个 独立调查员谁进行跨学科，政策相关的研究对个人，学校， 社区因素使青少年面临吸毒和接触司法系统的风险。我特别 建议调查一个以前未探讨过的问题：药物使用作为决定因素的作用， “学校到监狱管道”的后果-一套政策和做法，使一些人更有可能 青少年在刑事司法系统中根深蒂固，而不是接受优质教育。培训 从这个K 01将使我（1）学习和应用更专业，先进的定量方法，在复杂的 嵌套数据和因果推理的调解和互动;（2）获得种族和LGBTQ健康的专业知识 差异和（3）青少年健康和少年司法;（4）获得赠款写作，专业技能 开发、采样方法和数据收集/获取，这些都是提交我的第一份R 01提案所必需的。 我的职业发展计划包括具体的研讨会，讲习班，课程，会议， 来自多学科团队的指导，包括社会/行为科学专家，高级定量分析， 方法，青少年物质使用和精神疾病的轨迹，健康方面的种族和LGBTQ差异 学校纪律、学校政策和青少年健康、青少年接触刑事司法系统的情况， 犯罪学理论和少年司法这项研究之所以重要，是因为学校-- 自20世纪90年代以来，基于逮捕的人数激增了300-500%，校外停课（这是2000年的两倍）。 在过去的40年里，被捕的风险增加了一倍多。然而，在知识方面存在着巨大的差距， 关于这些趋势对公共健康的影响，因为（1）有药物使用问题的青少年 暴露于司法系统的风险增加，随后暴露于司法系统的风险增加 物质使用问题的风险;（2）物质使用是一个典型的“零容忍”违规牵连在学校 （3）学校纪律中存在已知的种族和性取向差异， 物质使用。为了填补这一空白，拟议的研究将（1）调查 物质使用，教师/学校因素，学校纪律，社区因素，以及学校逮捕， 前所未有的关于学生、教师、学校和社区的多层次、多来源数据;（2）确定 是否可改变的个人，教师，学校和社区因素解释种族和LGBTQ的差异， （3）测试与使用药物有关的学校纪律处分/拘捕是否有相互关系 物质使用，学校纪律，和学校逮捕。该项目将通知NIDA R 01提案， 我们将进一步扩大和发展K 01的研究成果。我通过K 01获得的新技能将使我 成为一名独立的研究人员，将物质使用，公共卫生和刑事司法结合起来 研究，以及为数不多的研究物质使用相关的学校到监狱管道的调查人员之一。