Mechanisms of replication fork protection and recovery
复制叉保护和恢复机制
基本信息
- 批准号:10333344
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 50.31万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2020
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2020-02-12 至 2025-01-31
- 项目状态:未结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:AddressBRCA deficientBRCA1 geneBiological AssayCell LineCell physiologyCellsChemoresistanceCollectionComb animal structureDNADNA DamageDNA RepairDNA biosynthesisDNA replication forkDevelopmentElectron MicroscopyExcisionFiberGenomeGenome StabilityGenomic InstabilityGenotoxic StressGoalsLaboratoriesLeadLightLinkMediatingModelingMolecularPALB2 genePathway interactionsPharmaceutical PreparationsPhosphotransferasesPlayPositioning AttributeProtein AnalysisProteinsProteomicsRecoveryResectedResistanceRoleSignal PathwaySignal TransductionTestingbasecancer cellcancer therapyexperiencegenome integrityimprovedinhibitormutantnovel therapeutic interventionnucleasepreservationpreventprotective factorsrecruitrepairedreplication stresssingle moleculetumorubiquitin-protein ligase
项目摘要
Summary: Many chemotherapeutics kill cancer cells by inducing DNA damage interfering with DNA
replication. Replication forks can reverse to aid the repair of DNA damage induced by chemotherapeutics, and
BRCA proteins are key to protecting the reversed forks from nucleolytic degradation. In absence of BRCA,
reversed replication forks are extensively degraded by nucleases, leading to chemosensitivity. Moreover,
chemoresistance has been linked to the restored ability of BRCA-deficient cells to protect forks from degradation
through mechanisms that remain unclear. Thus, understanding how cells protect stalled DNA replication forks
and promote their recovery is critically important for developing and improving strategies for cancer therapy. In
this application, we combine the expertise from the Zou and Vindigni laboratories to investigate the mechanisms
of DNA replication fork protection and recovery in BRCA1-proficient (Aim 1) and -deficient (Aim 2) cells. The
Zou lab has extensive experience in the ATR signaling pathway, which is crucial for stabilizing the genome during
DNA replication. The Vindigni lab has discovered principal steps of the fork reversal pathway. Working together,
we have uncovered a number of new players involved in fork protection. In the preliminary studies leading to
Aim 1, we found that ATR plays a previously unrecognized role in protecting stalled/reversed replication forks
from nucleolytic degradation in BRCA1-proficient cells. We also showed that ATR is required for the efficient
recovery of stalled forks. Based on this premise, we hypothesize that ATR acts locally at stalled replication forks
to protect reversed forks from nucleolytic degradation and to promote their restart after drug removal. Aim 1 will
determine the mechanisms by which ATR protects stalled/reversed forks and promotes fork restart in BRCA1-
proficient cells. In the preliminary studies leading to Aim 2, we have investigated how stalled forks are protected
and how they recover in cells lacking BRCA1. We found that extensively degraded replication forks in BRCA1-
deficient cells can recover through a pathway mediated by Rad18 and Ubc13. Furthermore, when BRCA1-
deficient cells acquire PARP inhibitor resistance, fork protection is restored via a PALB2-dependent mechanism,
which relies on ATR activity. Notably, both Ubc13 and PALB2 are functionally linked to the E3 ubiquitin ligase
RNF168, raising the possibility that Ubc13, RNF168, and PALB2 may act in the same axis to protect stalled forks
and promote fork recovery independently of BRCA1. We hypothesize that both Ubc13 and PALB2 have
unanticipated roles in fork recovery/protection in the absence of BRCA1, and their functions may be linked by
RNF168. Aim 2 will investigate how Ubc13 promotes fork recovery in BRCA1-deficient cells, how PALB2 and
ATR protect stalled forks in BRCA1-deficient PARP inhibitor-resistant cells, and whether a Ubc13-RNF168-
PALB2 axis promotes both fork protection and fork recovery in the absence of BRCA1. Collectively, these studies
will transform current models of fork stabilization and recovery in BRCA1-proficient and -deficient cells, providing
a mechanistic basis for new therapeutic strategies that exploit the replication stress in cancer cells.
摘要:许多化疗药物通过诱导DNA损伤干扰DNA来杀死癌细胞
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
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科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Alessandro Vindigni其他文献
Alessandro Vindigni的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Alessandro Vindigni', 18)}}的其他基金
Mechanisms of replication fork protection and recovery
复制叉保护和恢复机制
- 批准号:
10548855 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
$ 50.31万 - 项目类别:
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