Project 5

项目5摘要 环境中有害物质的影响可以通过它们的动员和 在自然灾害和紧急情况之后，受污染的沉积物、土壤、水和空气中的再分配。立即的 令人担忧的是安全饮用水和食品供应的安全。其他威胁包括土壤污染(草坪、社区 花园、公园和娱乐区)，以及人体皮肤和吸入暴露的风险增加 在撞击现场附近。与这些紧急情况相关的一个主要挑战是保护弱势群体 社区和邻里，灾难的第一反应人员，一线人员和参与 现场的管理和清理。因此，能够迅速将有害物质的影响降至最低 灾难事件是一种迫切的需求。在本提案的目标1中，将从以下物质合成多组分脱附剂 各种材料和化合物，通常被认为是安全的(GRAS)，这些吸着剂将紧密地 结合环境化学品，设计具有高容量和亲和力的混合物。反应动力学， 表面相互作用的热力学和基本机制(S) 吸附材料和有害环境化学品和混合物将使用目前的 可用的体外方法。将使用计算方法来验证和提供基本见解，如 以及预测吸附剂性能和筛选最佳GRAS改进剂，从而提供反馈和 与所有实验相结合。成熟的动植物生物体，对 水、土壤和沉积物中的环境化学物质将包括中国模式系统(九头蛇)， 小浮萍(浮萍)试验和秀丽线虫试验。这些活着的(活体) 模型系统将被用来预测污染样品的毒性，并验证我们选择的有效性 吸着剂和我们的体外和硅胶结果。在目标2中，将开发多组分吸附剂，以 去除受污染的食物、饮用水和土壤中的有害物质。新的屏障配方将 用于皮肤保护和在防护口罩中插入过滤器以减少皮肤和吸入 暴露在化学品中。在目标3中，我们的活体模型将用于评估真实的环境样本 来自灾难现场和特征良好的超级基金网站。在这些研究中，最佳的吸着剂和水平 将确定将导致有害物质解毒的包含物。与现有的协作 社区参与核心、成熟的技术转让专业知识和跨学科互动 项目5将为整个中心增加一个重要的能力和维度。从项目到现场的路径 在我们的研究过程中，危险化学品的长效脱硫剂和配方的发展 学习已经牢固地建立起来。我们已经确定了相关的利益相关者和脆弱社区 将从这些产品中受益。预计本研究开发的吸附剂和屏障技术将 在灾害和紧急情况下减少人和动物接触化学物质。

Project 5 ABSTRACT The effects from hazardous substances in the environment can be compounded by their mobilization and redistribution in polluted sediment, soil, water and air following natural disasters and emergencies. Of immediate concern is the safety of safe water and food supplies. Other threats include soil contamination (lawns, community gardens, parks and recreational areas), along with increased risk of human dermal and inhalation exposures near the site of the impact. A major challenge associated with these emergencies is protecting vulnerable communities and neighborhoods, first responders to the disaster, frontline personnel, and those involved in the management and cleanup of the site. Thus, the ability to rapidly minimize hazardous substance effects during disaster events is a critical need. In Aim 1 of this proposal, multicomponent sorbents will be synthesized from diverse materials and compounds that are generally recognized as safe (GRAS), and these sorbents will tightly bind environmental chemicals and design mixtures with high capacity and affinity. The reaction kinetics, thermodynamics and fundamental mechanism(s) involved in interactions between the surfaces of selected sorbent materials and hazardous environmental chemicals and mixtures will be determined using currently available in vitro methods. Computational methods will be used to validate and provide fundamental insights, as well as to predict sorbent properties and screen for optimum GRAS amendments, thus providing feedback and integration with all experiments. Well-established animal and plant organisms that possess a low tolerance for environmental chemicals in water, soil, and sediment will include the Cnidarian model system (Hydra vulgaris), the Lemna minor (duckweed) assay, and the Caenorhabditis elegans nematode assay. These living (in vivo) model systems will be used to predict the toxicity of polluted samples and to validate the efficacy of our selected sorbents and our in vitro and in silico results. In Aim 2, multicomponent sorbents will be developed that will remove hazardous substances from contaminated food, drinking water and soil. Novel barrier formulations will be developed for skin protection and for filter inserts in protective masks to reduce dermal and inhalation exposures to chemicals. In Aim 3, our in vivo models will be used to evaluate real-life environmental samples from disaster sites and well-characterized superfund sites. In these studies, optimal sorbents and levels of inclusion that will result in detoxification of hazardous substances will be determined. Existing collaborations with Community Engagement Core, well-established technology transfer expertise, and interdisciplinary interactions in Project 5 will add an important capability and dimension to the overall Center. The project-to-field pathway for the development of broad-acting sorbents and formulations for hazardous chemicals during the course of our study has been firmly established. We have identified relevant stakeholders and vulnerable communities that will benefit from these products. It is expected that sorbent and barrier technology developed in this research will result in reduced chemical exposures in people and animals during disasters and emergencies.