Implementation Science and Health Outcomes Core

尽管新的生物医学技术和预防措施的扩大拯救了数百万人的生命 在低收入和中等收入国家，许多弱势群体--包括美国--并没有 受益于这些进步。实施科学(IS)研究可以通过以下方式最大限度地提高公共卫生影响 解决循证战略的次优实施问题；确定卫生保健的方式 制度和政策未能充分解决艾滋病毒预防和护理的连续性问题；以及确定 以人口为基础的战略，以改善美国和全球的艾滋病毒结果。实施科学 和健康结果(ISO)核心将通过催化创新的IS来解决艾滋病毒中心的总体主题 确定和测试优化有效艾滋病毒的“真实世界”吸收和影响的策略的研究 大规模的预防和护理连续干预。核心有三个具体目标：(1)刺激新的IS 研究和合作，以改善艾滋病毒预防和护理连续工作的主要成果；(2) 先进的新研究是为了预防或减少由次优驱动的艾滋病毒相关健康差距 实施干预措施或通过精神疾病和其他合并症；以及(3)促进使用健康 政策分析、政策建模和经济评估，架起证据-实践和证据-政策之间的桥梁 推动次优的基于人口的执行工作的差距和差距。 ISO核心将通过以下职能实现其目标：(1)提供专家咨询 艾滋病毒中心的研究人员正在进行的研究是：(A)两个人都测试了改善艾滋病毒相关的新方法 方案成果和评估成功和不成功实施干预措施的原因 和规模上的策略，以及(B)结合了策略转换、策略建模和 将经济评估纳入他们的研究；(2)发展科学工作组，以提供结构化和 通过以下方式对对中心调查人员感兴趣或着手的中心调查人员提供重点指导(并与其合作) 围绕特定主题组织的动态小组(例如，PrEP实施、精神病学 合并症)；(3)为艾滋病毒中心调查人员解决与IS有关的问题提供便利 研究问题；以及(4)赞助研讨会，鼓励在研究中使用信息系统方法。这个 拟任核心主任丹尼斯·纳什博士是流行病学家，也是美国疾病控制与预防研究所所长 纽约市立大学人口健康实施科学(ISPH)。CORE联席董事， 医学博士米尔顿·温伯格是纽约州精神病研究所和哥伦比亚大学的研究精神病学家 大学精神病学系。他们在NIH资助的研究和研究方面拥有广泛的专业知识 艾滋病毒和精神卫生治疗和预防的能力建设。核心汇集了早期阶段， 职业生涯中期，在IS、健康差距和经济评估领域的资深调查人员 政策制定者和计划实施者为研究协作提供基础设施。

Although millions of lives have been saved by new biomedical technologies and expansion of prevention and treatment in low- and middle-income countries, many vulnerable people – including in the US – are not benefiting from these advances. Implementation science (IS) research can maximize public health impact by addressing suboptimal implementation of evidence-based strategies; identifying ways in which health care systems and policies fail to adequately address the HIV prevention and care continua; and identifying population-based strategies to improve HIV outcomes in the US and globally. The Implementation Science and Health Outcomes (ISHO) Core will address the HIV Center's overall theme by catalyzing innovative IS research that identifies and tests strategies to optimize “real-world” uptake and impact of effective HIV prevention and care continua interventions at scale. The Core has three Specific Aims: (1) to stimulate new IS research and collaborations to improve key outcomes along the HIV prevention and care continua; (2) to advance new IS research to prevent or reduce HIV-related health disparities that are driven by suboptimal intervention implementation or by psychiatric and other comorbidities; and (3) to promote the use of health policy analysis, policy modeling, and economic evaluation to bridge the evidence-practice and evidence-policy gaps that drive suboptimal population-based implementation and disparities. The ISHO Core will accomplish its Aims through functions that include (1) providing expert consultation to HIV Center researchers on conducting IS research that (a) both tests new approaches to improve HIV-related programmatic outcomes and assesses causes of successful and un-successful implementation of interventions and policies at scale, and (b) incorporates the perspectives of policy translation, policy modeling, and economic evaluation into their research; (2) developing Scientific Working Groups to provide structured and focused guidance to (and collaboration with) Center investigators interested in or embarking on IS through dynamic small groups organized around specific themes (e.g., PrEP implementation, psychiatric comorbidities); (3) facilitating access to linked networks for HIV Center investigators addressing IS-related research questions; and (4) sponsoring seminars to stimulate the use of IS approaches in research. The proposed Core Director, Denis Nash, Ph.D., is an epidemiologist and Director of the Institute for Implementation Science in Population Health (ISPH) at the City University of New York. Core Co-Director, Milton Wainberg, M.D., is a research psychiatrist at the New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University Department of Psychiatry. Together they have extensive expertise in NIH-funded research and capacity building for HIV and mental health treatment and prevention. The Core brings together early stage, mid-career, and established investigators in the areas of IS, health-disparities, and economic evaluation with policy-makers and program implementers to provide an infrastructure for research collaboration.