Cognitive Resilience among Older Samoans

老年萨摩亚人的认知弹性

• 批准号: 10360521
• 负责人: BECCA R LEVY
• 金额: $ 82.87万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-03-01 至 2026-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10360521
• 关键词: Address; Adherence; Age; Ageism; Aging; Alzheimer' s disease related dementia; Alzheimer’s disease biomarker; American; American Samoa; Attention; Belief; Biological; Blood Glucose; Brain; California; Cognition; Cognitive; Cognitive aging; Communities; Country; Data; Data Set; Dementia; Development; Elderly; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiology; Fasting; Fibrinogen; Future; Genes; Genetic; Health; Hippocampus (Brain); Individual; Infrastructure; Intervention; Interview; Knowledge; Link; Location; Measures; Memory; Meta-Analysis; Mission; Modeling; National Institute on Aging; Neuronal Plasticity; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Participant; Pathway interactions; Population; Principal Investigator; Property; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Research Support; Risk; Samoa; Samoan; San Francisco; Stress; Time; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; aged; base; cognitive benefits; cohort; dementia risk; ethnic identity; ethnic minority population; fasting blood glucose level; gene interaction; genetic variant; improved; low and middle-income countries; member; mild cognitive impairment; novel; psychologic; recruit; resilience; social

PROJECT SUMMARY Older Samoans are a unique population for gaining knowledge about cognitive resilience. Dementia has been reported as occurring at low rates among them. Further, our recent pilot data from Independent Samoa found that although there was variability in their memory scores, older Samoans had scores that did not significantly differ from younger Samoans. The proposed study will examine factors that might contribute to this cognitive resilience: (a) unique positive age beliefs that predominate in Samoan culture; and (b) the recently identified CREBRF gene variant (rs373863828) that occurs in 45% of Samoans, but in less than 1% of non- Samoans. Previous research supports our premise that these cultural and genetic factors will contribute to cognitive resilience. The Principal Investigator conducted the first studies to demonstrate that culture-based positive age beliefs predict lower stress and better aging cognitive health, including lower risk of developing Alzheimer’s- disease biomarkers and dementia. This age belief-cognition finding has been supported by three meta-analyses, but has not been studied among Samoans. Additionally, our pilot data with older persons living in Independent Samoa showed the CREBRF gene variant predicted significantly better cognitive scores, and previous studies have shown this gene variant is associated with lower levels of type 2 diabetes and fasting blood glucose, both of which are associated with lower dementia risk. Further, the gene variant is part of a larger mechanism, present in everyone, that leads to the development of brain neuroplasticity. Because favorable environmental factors can increase this neuroplasticity, positive age beliefs (which tend to be assimilated from culture) may stimulate the neuroplasticity property of the CREBRF gene variant. Thus, our Specific Aims, which will be carried out for the first time, are to examine whether aging cognitive resilience is predicted by: (a) greater adherence to the prevailing positive Samoan aging beliefs; (b) the CREBRF gene variant; (c) a synergistic interaction of positive age beliefs and the gene variant; and (d) structural- level factors (i.e., Westernization, ageism and usefulness to others) as well as individual-level factors (i.e., ethnic identity and self-relevance of age beliefs) acting as moderators of a gene-culture interaction. We will assess the CREBRF gene variant and age beliefs at baseline, and cognitive resilience across three years, among 750 Samoans, aged 60 and older. We will recruit one third from each of the following (in ascending order of Westernization): Independent Samoa, American Samoa and San Francisco, CA. The proposed research has the potential to benefit cognitive aging health because it could identify a set of modifiable age beliefs and moderators for interventions and identify a new biological pathway to cognitive resilience in all older persons.

项目概要 老年萨摩亚人是获取认知弹性知识的独特人群。痴呆症有 据报道，其中发生率较低。此外，我们最近来自独立萨摩亚的试点数据 研究发现，虽然年长的萨摩亚人的记忆力分数存在差异，但他们的记忆力分数并没有变化。 与年轻的萨摩亚人显着不同。拟议的研究将研究可能导致这一情况的因素 认知复原力：(a) 在萨摩亚文化中占主导地位的独特的积极年龄信念； (b) 最近 发现 CREBRF 基因变异 (rs373863828) 存在于 45% 的萨摩亚人中，但在非非萨摩亚人中这一比例不到 1% 萨摩亚人。 先前的研究支持我们的假设，即这些文化和遗传因素将有助于认知 弹力。首席研究员进行了第一项研究，证明基于文化的积极年龄 信念预示着较低的压力和更好的老年认知健康，包括较低的患阿尔茨海默病的风险—— 疾病生物标志物和痴呆症。这一年龄信念认知发现得到了三项荟萃分析的支持， 但尚未在萨摩亚人中进行过研究。此外，我们对居住在独立社区的老年人进行的试点数据 萨摩亚显示 CREBRF 基因变异可预测显着更好的认知得分，并且之前的研究 已表明该基因变异与较低水平的 2 型糖尿病和空腹血糖有关，两者均 与较低的痴呆风险相关。此外，该基因变异是更大机制的一部分，存在于 大家，这会导致大脑神经可塑性的发展。因为有利的环境因素可以 为了增加这种神经可塑性，积极的年龄信念（往往会从文化中吸收）可能会刺激 CREBRF 基因变体的神经可塑性特性。 因此，我们将首次进行的具体目标是检查认知老化是否 通过以下方式预测复原力： (a) 更加坚持萨摩亚普遍存在的积极老龄化信念； （二） CREBRF基因变异； (c) 积极的年龄信念和基因变异的协同相互作用； (d) 结构- 水平因素（即西化、年龄歧视和对他人的有用性）以及个人水平因素（即种族 年龄信念的身份和自我相关性）充当基因与文化相互作用的调节因素。 我们将评估基线的 CREBRF 基因变异和年龄信念，以及三个方面的认知弹性 年，750 名 60 岁及以上的萨摩亚人。我们将从以下每一项中招募三分之一（按升序排列） 西化顺序）：独立萨摩亚、美属萨摩亚和加利福尼亚州旧金山。 拟议的研究有可能有益于认知衰老健康，因为它可以确定一组 可改变的年龄信念和干预调节因素，并确定新的认知认知生物学途径 所有老年人的复原力。