Developmental prosopagnosia subtypes: validation, neural mechanisms, and differential approaches to treatment

发育性面盲症亚型：验证、神经机制和不同的治疗方法

• 批准号: 10365656
• 负责人: Joseph Michael DeGutis
• 金额: $ 41.45万
• 依托单位: BOSTON VA RESEARCH INSTITUTE, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-03-01 至 2025-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10365656
• 关键词: Affect; Alzheimer' s Disease; Anger; Area; Behavior; Behavioral; Cognitive; Computers; DSM-V; Data; Depressed mood; Development; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Disease; Electroencephalography; Emotions; Employment; Event-Related Potentials; Eye; Face; Face Processing; Fright; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Grouping; Heterogeneity; Impairment; Individual; Lead; Learning; Longevity; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Memory; Memory impairment; Mission; National Eye Institute; Online Systems; Oral cavity; Patient Self-Report; Perception; Pilot Projects; Population; Population Decreases; Research; Sample Size; Sampling; Subgroup; Testing; Training; Training Programs; Validation; Vision; Vision Disorders; Visual; Waiting Lists; base; behavior test; cognitive training; computerized; developmental prosopagnosia; face perception; functional magnetic resonance imaging/electroencephalography; improved; individualized medicine; neuromechanism; novel; receptive field; recruit; relating to nervous system; response; sample fixation; social; treatment response; trend; white matter

The goal of this proposal is to better characterize the cognitive and neural basis of face perception heterogeneity in developmental prosopagnosia (DP) and to test whether potential perceptual subtypes are better suited for one type of cognitive training program vs. another. This is relevant to the National Eye Institute's mission to better treat visual disorders and understand mechanisms of visual function. Our pilot results (N=45 DPs) provide preliminary evidence that there are perceptually-impaired (PI-DPs) and perceptually-unimpaired (PU-DPs) DP subgroups that may be mechanistically distinct. We find that PI-DPs have deficient eye processing, reduced holistic processing abilities, reduced N170 response to eye contrast- reversed faces, and a trend towards decreased white matter integrity in the occipital face area, a face-selective region involved in face parts processing. We also find that PI-DPs, compared to PU-DPs, show a greater treatment response to our computerized face perception training program. The goals of the current proposal are to build on these pilot results to further test and validate the PI-DP vs. PU-DP subgroup distinction, to better understand the neural mechanisms underlying perceptual heterogeneity in DPs, and to examine treatment implications of potential subgroups. In particular, our aims for this proposal are to: 1) Collect a large sample of web-based and in-lab DPs (N=280) and controls (N=140) and replicate our pilot findings showing eye processing and holistic processing deficits in PI-DPs. We will also perform latent profile analysis to determine if DPs naturally form PI-DP vs. PU-DP subgroups or rather represent a continuum of face perception deficits. 2) Characterize the neural mechanisms of DP face perception heterogeneity using functional fMRI, EEG, and diffusion tensor imaging in 80 DPs and 40 controls. To test better understand the neural underpinnings of DPs' reduced eye region sensitivity and reduced holistic processing, we seek examine the N170 event-related potential response to isolated eyes vs. mouths as well as face inversion and for fMRI, population receptive fields of face-selective regions as well as responses to isolated mouths and eyes. We will also examine whether PI-DPs vs. PU-DPs have white matter integrity differences in face-selective white matter regions. 3) Determine whether PI-DPs vs. PU-DPs have differential responses to face perception training, face memory training, or face perception+face memory training programs. This will involve a longitudinal study of 120 DPs being assigned to either a waitlist control condition or 6 weeks of one of the three cognitive training programs. Before and after training/waiting, we will assess DPs on a validated battery of face perception and recognition tests as well as self-reported face recognition. To measure the longevity of potential training effects, DPs will also repeat assessments after a 6-week no-contact period.

这项建议的目标是更好地描述面孔感知的认知和神经基础。 发育性人格失认症(DP)的异质性，并测试潜在的知觉亚型是否 更适合一种类型的认知训练计划而不是另一种。这与《国家之眼》有关 该研究所的使命是更好地治疗视觉障碍和了解视觉功能的机制。我们的飞行员 结果(N=45个DPS)提供了初步证据，表明存在知觉受损(PI-DPS)和 知觉未受损(PU-DPS)可能是机械上不同的DP亚群。我们发现PI-DPS 眼睛处理能力不足，整体处理能力降低，对眼睛对比度的N170反应降低- 面部反转，枕部面部白质完整性下降的趋势，面部选择性 涉及面部零件加工的区域。我们还发现，与PU-DPS相比，PI-DPS表现出更大的 对我们计算机化的面部感知训练计划的治疗反应。当前提案的目标 将在这些试点结果的基础上进一步测试和验证PI-DP与PU-DP亚组的区别，以 更好地理解DPS知觉异质性背后的神经机制，并检查 潜在亚组的治疗意义。特别是，我们这项提议的目的是：1)收集大量的 基于Web的和实验室内DPS(N=280)和对照(N=140)的样本，并复制我们的试点结果，显示 PI-DPS的眼球加工和整体加工缺陷。我们还将进行潜在侧写分析，以 确定DP是否自然地形成PI-DP与PU-DP亚群，或者更确切地说，代表面的连续体 感知缺陷。2)表征DP面孔知觉异质性的神经机制 80例DPS患者和40例对照组的功能性功能磁共振成像、脑电和弥散张量成像。为了更好地测试，请理解 DPS眼区敏感度降低和整体加工减少的神经基础，我们寻求检查 N170事件相关电位对孤立的眼睛和嘴巴的反应以及脸部翻转和功能磁共振成像， 面部选择区域的群体接受野以及对孤立的嘴巴和眼睛的反应。我们会 同时检查PI-DPS和PU-DPS在面部选择性白质中是否存在白质完整性差异 地区。3)确定PI-DPS与PU-DPS对人脸知觉训练是否有不同的反应 记忆训练，或面孔感知+面孔记忆训练计划。这将涉及一项纵向研究 120名DPS被分配到等待名单控制条件或三种认知训练之一的6周 程序。在培训/等待之前和之后，我们将根据经过验证的面部感知和 识别测试以及自我报告的人脸识别。衡量潜在培训的寿命 为了避免影响，DPS还将在6周的非接触期后重复评估。