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Identification of Critical Thermal Environments for Aged Adults

老年人关键热环境的识别

基本信息

批准号：
10364699
负责人：
W. LARRY KENNEY
金额：
$ 72.71万
依托单位：
PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-05-15 至 2025-02-28
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10364699
关键词：
Address Adult Age Aging Air Movements Aspirin Australia Biophysics Blood Platelets Blood flow Cardiac Communication Cross-Sectional Studies Data Dose Elderly Environment Environmental Hazards Environmental Wind Equilibrium European Union Event Frequencies Goals Health Heat Losses Heat Stress Disorders Heat Waves Human Humidity Hydration status Impairment Individual Industry Intervention Laboratories Literature Military Personnel Modeling Outcome Pharmaceutical Preparations Physiologic Thermoregulation Physiological Physiology Platelet Inhibitors Plavix Policies Population Primary Prevention Psychometrics Recording of previous events Reproducibility Research Risk Safety Secondary Prevention Series Severities Skin Solar Energy Sports Sweating Temperature Testing Triage Vulnerable Populations Woman age effect age related aged aging population base biophysical techniques cardiovascular disorder prevention climate adaptation climate change climate-related health clinically relevant clopidogrel cohort environmental change evidence base experience extreme weather human old age (65+)innovation men older men older women predicting response response success

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT This proposal directly addresses, in a uniquely innovative and direct approach, the stated goal of FAO PAR-19- 250: To better understand “exposure of the older person to changing environmental hazards in their daily environment that raises their risks”. Men and women over the age of 65 are the most vulnerable population during severe environmental heat events. While we know a lot about age-related declines in physiological responses to environmental heat stress, there are key critical gaps in our understanding of the impact of extreme weather on aging human populations as well as in ways to positively intervene. The present project adds practical information: 1) by determining the integrated thermoregulatory response of men and women over the age of 65 yrs to a wide variety of adverse environments and 2) by identifying the specific environments that have significant adverse impact on older adults. The research approach will yield directly translatable results that can be used for evidence-based alert communication, policy decisions, triage for impending heat events, and implementation of other safety interventions. We will test the global hypothesis that aging will shift critical environmental limits to a narrower range of safe environments across the psychometric spectrum (encompassing warm-humid to hot-dry environments). The present proposal logically builds on our 30-year body of mechanistic research on thermoregulation and aging and our experience in executing this unique research paradigm. In Specific Aim 1 we propose to identify those environmental limits above which age-related physiological changes cause uncompensable heat stress, resulting in heat storage and increasing the risk of heat illness. As appropriate based on the data, distinct psychrometric limits will be derived for older men and older women. We hypothesize that aging will decrease critical environmental heat balance limits, particularly in warm-dry environments due to impairments in sweating mechanisms. In Specific Aim 2 we will calculate critical evaporative coefficients and wet-bulb globe temperature isotherms that can be used to predict environmental conditions that are uncompensable, and therefore increase health risks for older men and women. These coefficients can subsequently be used to predict responses of older adults to a wider set of environmental parameters (solar load, wind, etc.). Finally, we propose one additional exploratory Aim. Our laboratory has identified additional detrimental effects of over-the-counter and commonly prescribed platelet inhibitors on thermoregulation in older men and women. We have previously described how aspirin (ASA) and prescription platelet inhibitors (clopidogrel; Plavix®) further accelerate the rise in body core temperature in warm environmental conditions and impairs heat loss mechanisms. Therefore, we propose to also determine the effects of ASA on age-specific critical environmental limits, hypothesizing that these drugs will further decrease the critical environmental heat balance limits, particularly in hot humid conditions due to impairments in dry heat loss mechanisms (Specific Aim 3).

项目总结/文摘