The Influence of Personality on Vocal Behavior in Singers with Phonotrauma

摘要 众所周知，歌手患嗓音障碍的风险增加，通常代表着很大的 在语音诊所就诊的患者百分比。歌手中最常见的疾病之一是 声带小结是由声带组织的慢性创伤引起的，被称为声带创伤或 声外伤性发声功能亢进（PVH）。而歌唱者的PVH被认为是由于简单的增加 在与歌唱相关的声音需求中，仍然不清楚为什么有些歌手会发展PVH， 其他人则没有。有一个因素被证明与功能亢进的声音有着更高的联系 声音障碍是人格，正如“声音障碍的特质理论”所描述的。对这一理论的检验 提供了经验证据表明，PVH患者在外向性指标上的得分显著更高， 神经质和冲动的人比声音健康的人。不幸的是， 人格是否与PVH的关系类似于歌手。我们假设患有PVH的歌手 得分显着高于人格测量有关外向，神经质，冲动，比 没有PVH的歌手此外，关于人格特征是否与 日常发声行为。歌手的PVH通常被认为是如何使用声音的唯一结果， 唱歌.我们的初步工作，使用一个流动的语音监测和自动歌唱分类， 显示了更多的显着差异，歌手与PVH和正常对照组之间， 在一个星期的监控中，说话的时候比唱歌的时候多。我们希望人格测量与 外向性、神经质和冲动性将与反映 日常使用声音或声音负荷的数量和类型，特别是在讲话中。我们假设这些 与健康歌手相比，PVH歌手的关系将更强。建议的目标 一个项目是确定某些人格特征是否与歌手中PVH的存在显著相关 和/或日常发声行为，可能有助于声音创伤的病因学和病理生理学， 歌手我们将管理一个多维度的个性清单，以歌手诊断为PVH和声乐 健康的配对歌手我们将使用t检验比较PVH歌手和健康歌手的每个特质量表， 使用逐步二元logistic检验并确定哪些特征更能预测患者状态 回归分析还将使用动态语音监测器对每例受试者进行为期一周的监测。 人格特质量表和声音相关参数之间的关系将使用 皮尔逊r相关系数和线性多元回归将被用来确定哪些性状是最重要的 声音行为的预测。该项目产生的新知识可用于帮助改善 歌唱家声带小结的预防、诊断和治疗，特别是预测 歌唱者患声带小结的风险更大， 在治疗期间。 劳拉·托尔斯

Abstract Singers are known to be at an increased risk of developing voice disorders and often represent a large percentage of patients who are seen at voice clinics. One of the most common disorders seen in singers is vocal fold nodules that result from chronic trauma to vocal fold tissue, referred to as phonotrauma or phonotraumatic vocal hyperfunction (PVH). While PVH in singers is thought do be due to the simple increase in vocal demands associated with singing, it continues to be unclear why some singers develop PVH though others do not. One factor that has been shown to be more highly associated with hyperfunctional voice disorders is personality, as described in the “Trait Theory of Voice Disorders.” Testing of this theory has provided empirical evidence that those with PVH score significantly higher on measures of extraversion, neuroticism, and impulsivity than individuals with healthy voices. Unfortunately, there is a paucity of information about whether personality relates to PVH in a similar way to singers. We hypothesize that singers with PVH will score significantly higher on personality measures related to extraversion, neuroticism, and impulsivity than singers without PVH. Additionally, information is also lacking about whether personality traits correlate with daily vocal behaviors. PVH in singers is often assumed to be the sole result of how the voice is used when singing. Our preliminary work using an ambulatory voice monitor and an automated singing classifier has shown a larger number of significant differences between singers with PVH and normal controls during speaking than during singing across a full week of monitoring. We expect that personality measures related to extraversion, neuroticism, and impulsivity will be significantly correlated with ambulatory measures that reflect the amount and type of daily voice use or vocal load, specifically in speech. We hypothesize that these relationships will be stronger in singers with PVH compared to healthy singers. The goal of the proposed project is to determine if certain personality traits are significantly related to the presence of PVH in singers and/or to the daily vocal behaviors that could contribute to the etiology and pathophysiology of phonotrauma in singers. We will administer a multidimensional personality inventory to singers diagnosed with PVH and vocally healthy matched-singers. We will compare each trait scale for singers with PVH and healthy singers using a t- test and then determine which traits are more predictive of patient status using a stepwise binary logistic regression. Each participant will also be monitored for one typical week using an ambulatory voice monitor. Relationships between personality traits scales and voice-related parameters will be conducted using Pearson's r correlations, and linear multiple regression will be used to determine which traits are the most predictive of vocal behavior. The new knowledge produced by this project could be used to aid in improving the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of vocal nodules in singers, particularly with respect to predicting which singers are at a greater risk for developing vocal fold nodules, and in targeting specific daily vocal behaviors during treatment. Laura Toles