Improving Sexual Minority Health: Differences in Substance Use, Substance Use Treatment, and Associated Chronic Diseases among Rural versus Urban Populations

改善性少数群体的健康：农村与城市人口在药物使用、药物使用治疗和相关慢性病方面的差异

• 批准号: 10373201
• 负责人: Ethan Morgan
• 金额: $ 9.35万
• 依托单位: OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-04-01 至 2024-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10373201
• 关键词: Address; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Bisexual; Cardiovascular Diseases; Chronic; Chronic Disease; Data; Disease Outcome; Drug usage; Etiology; Exhibits; Gays; Goals; Health; Health Services Accessibility; Heterosexuals; High Prevalence; Household; Individual; Institute of Medicine (U.S.); Intervention; Lesbian; Lesbian Gay Bisexual; Link; Malignant Neoplasms; Marijuana; Measures; Mental Depression; Modeling; Opioid; Outcome; Pattern; Population; Prevalence; Recovery; Reduce health disparities; Reporting; Research; Research Project Grants; Risk; Rural; Rural Community; Rural Population; Sex Orientation; Substance Use Disorder; Surveys; Time; Tobacco; Tobacco use; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Urban Population; Variant; Work; base; disease disparity; experience; health difference; health disparity populations; high risk; high risk population; improved; member; non-heterosexual; opioid misuse; opioid overdose; opioid use; overdose death; peer; physical conditioning; population based; programs; queer; rural environment; rural residence; rural setting; sexual identity; sexual minority; sexual minority group; sexual minority health; substance use; substance use treatment; success; time use; treatment disparity; treatment program; trend; urban dwelling; urban residence

Project Summary Sexual minorities exhibit significantly higher rates of substance use (SU) and substance use disorders (SUD) compared to their heterosexual counterparts. The vast majority of SU research among sexual minorities, however, has focused on urban populations with little work comparing patterns of SU between rural and urban dwelling sexual minorities. Past work with heterosexual populations has observed strong differences in SU patterns based on urbanicity. Utilization and success of SU treatment programs have also been found to vary widely based on urbanicity of residence, with rural environments suffering from a lack of treatment options and an increased burden of SUD. Additionally, chronic SU has been linked to a number of chronic physical health problems (e.g. cardiovascular disease). Consistent with their higher rates of SU, both sexual minority populations and rural heterosexual populations experience a disproportionate burden of SU-associated chronic diseases. It is therefore likely that SU and chronic disease rates will be even further elevated among understudied rural sexual minorities, making them an extremely high-risk group. Given their potential risk, it is vital to develop a better understanding of how SU, unmet treatment need, and SU-associated chronic diseases differ between rural and urban dwelling sexual minority. The proposed R03 Small Research Grant Program will utilize data from a nationally representative study, namely the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). This survey is an annual cross-sectional household survey of non-institutionalized individuals living in the United States and includes measures of alcohol, tobacco, and drug use, substance use treatment, and a number of SU-associated chronic diseases (e.g. cardiovascular disease, cancer). We will analyze data from all years of NSDUH that have data on sexual identity and are available at commencement of analyses (2015-2020). Data will be used to assess disparities in the aggregate prevalence of focal variables and variations in these disparities by year (via time-varying effects) in all three specific aims: 1) assess disparities in SU and SUD between rural and urban sexual minorities and determine whether sexual orientation disparities in SU vary by urbanicity; 2) delineate differences in treatment utilization and unmet treatment need among rural versus urban sexual minorities and determine whether disparities in treatment between heterosexual and sexual minority populations vary by urbanicity; and 3) determine whether SU-associated chronic disease disparities exist between rural and urban sexual minorities and whether sexual orientation disparities in chronic diseases vary by urbanicity. This proposal is the first step in a program of research which ultimately aims to develop behavioral and biomedical interventions tailored to the specific needs of rural and urban sexual minority populations.

项目总结