Neural basis of auditory-motor adaptation

听觉运动适应的神经基础

• 批准号: 10386727
• 负责人: Kwang Seob Kim
• 金额: $ 6.98万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-12-01 至 2024-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10386727
• 关键词: Neural; basis; auditory; motor; adaptation

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The speech motor system shows a remarkable ability to quickly and efficiently learn movements based on auditory feedback. One common manifestation of such auditory feedback-based learning is auditory-motor adaptation, which can be observed in everyday speaking situations that involve changes in speech acoustics, for which speakers must learn to compensate in order to maintain intelligible speech. Despite its fundamental nature in maintaining and fine-tuning speech production, however, there exist crucial knowledge gaps in the understanding of auditory-motor adaptation. In fact, even basic mechanisms in adaptation, such as which factors drive the learning (i.e., adapting to compensate for auditory perturbations like formant shifts) and unlearning (i.e., returning to the baseline movements upon the removal of the previously applied auditory perturbation) processes remain largely unclear. Previous studies have hypothesized that auditory-motor adaptation may result from minimizing auditory prediction errors–the discrepancies between predicted auditory consequences of motor commands and actual auditory feedback. To date, however, this fundamental hypothesis remains surprisingly underinvestigated. Hence, this proposed research combines computational (Aim 1) and neurophysiological (Aim 2) approaches to directly examine whether auditory prediction errors are the primary factor driving speech auditory-motor adaptation. As a part of the first specific aim, several new versions of a computational model of speech motor control, Feedback Awareness Control of Tasks in Speech (FACTS) will be developed to simulate auditory-motor adaptation. The new versions of FACTS will be tested and validated in order to examine the mechanistic role of auditory prediction errors in adaptation. Aim 2 will use magnetoencephalography imaging to examine Speaking-Induced Suppression (SIS)—suppression of auditory responses to self-produced speech compared to the responses to passively heard speech—which is thought to represent auditory prediction errors. Here, whole-brain data driven analyses of SIS will be examined during a series of auditory-motor adaptation tasks. In both aims, auditory-motor adaptation to both spectral perturbations (i.e., adaptation to perturbed formant frequencies) and temporal perturbations (i.e., adaptation to lengthened voice onset time) will be examined. Together, this combined computational modeling and neurophysiological approach will offer key mechanistic insights into the neural basis of auditory-motor adaptation. The immediate outcome may provide the first direct evidence for the critical role of auditory prediction errors in auditory-motor adaptation, with profound implications for theoretical and computational models of speech motor control. The broader impact of the work may establish a solid foundation for novel treatment strategies to improve speech motor treatment efficacy in clinical populations.

项目摘要/摘要 语音马达系统显示出非凡的能力，可以快速有效地学习基于 听觉反馈。这种基于听觉反馈的学习的一个常见表现是听觉运动 适应，这可以观察到在日常说话的情况下，涉及到语音声学的变化， 为此，说话者必须学会补偿，以保持可理解的语音。尽管它的基本原理 然而，在保持和微调语音产生方面，存在着关键的知识差距 对听觉-运动适应的理解。事实上，即使是适应的基本机制，例如 因素驱动学习(即，适应以补偿听觉扰动，如共振峰移位)和 遗忘(即，在移除先前应用的听觉时返回到基线运动 扰动)过程在很大程度上仍不清楚。以前的研究已经假设听觉运动 适应可能是将听觉预测误差降至最低--预测听觉之间的差异 运动指令和实际听觉反馈的结果。然而，到目前为止，这一基本原则 令人惊讶的是，假说仍然没有得到充分的研究。因此，这项拟议的研究结合了计算 (目标1)和神经生理学(目标2)方法，直接检查听觉预测错误是否 驱动言语听觉-运动适应的主要因素。作为第一个具体目标的一部分，几个新的 语音运动控制的计算模型的版本，语音中任务的反馈意识控制 (FACTS)将被开发来模拟听觉-运动适应。新版本的事实将受到考验 并进行验证，以检验听觉预测误差在适应中的机制作用。AIM 2将使用 脑磁图检查言语诱导抑制(SIS)--听觉抑制 对自我产生的言语的反应与对被动听到的言语的反应--这被认为是 代表听觉预测错误。在这里，将在一个 一系列听觉-运动适应任务。在这两个目标中，听觉-运动适应都是光谱 扰动(即，适应扰动的共振峰频率)和时间扰动(即，适应 延长的发声时间)将被检查。总之，这结合了计算建模和 神经生理学方法将为听觉运动的神经基础提供关键的机械洞察力 适应。直接的结果可能为听觉的关键作用提供第一个直接的证据。 听觉-运动适应中的预测误差，具有深刻的理论和计算意义 语音运动控制的模型。这部作品的广泛影响可能会为小说奠定坚实的基础 提高临床人群言语运动治疗疗效的治疗策略。