UNDERSTANDING AND LEVERAGING MOLECULAR DIVERSITY WITHIN THE PHYTOCHROME SUPERFAMILY

了解和利用植物色素超家族中的分子多样性

• 批准号: 10386639
• 负责人: JOHN CLARK LAGARIAS
• 金额: $ 1.3万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2025-11-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10386639
• 关键词: Agriculture; Algae; Bacteria; Basic Science; Bilin; Binding; Biological Process; Biology; Biomedical Research; Biophysical Process; Cell physiology; Cells; Color; Dependence; Detection; Development; Environment; Eubacterium; Evolution; Exhibits; Family Process; Family member; Fluorescence; Food; Genes; Germination; Goals; Growth and Development function; Human; Image; Imaging Device; Interphase Cell; LIGHT protein; Learning; Light; Mediating; Metabolism; Methods; Microbial Biofilms; Mission; Molecular; National Institute of General Medical Sciences; Nature; Nucleotides; Organism; Output; Photoreceptors; Phytochrome; Plants; Population; Principal Investigator; Process; Protein Family; Protein Kinase; Proteins; Reagent; Reporting; Reproduction; Research; Seeds; Signal Transduction; Source; System; Systems Biology; Targeted Research; Temperature; Tetrapyrroles; Tissues; Work; behavioral response; bioimaging; cell motility; chromophore; circadian pacemaker; design; feeding; fungus; improved; insight; interest; knowledge base; light intensity; member; new technology; phyA phytochrome; plant growth/development; promoter; response; synthetic biology; transcription factor; transmission process; ultraviolet

April 1, 2021 Our proposal focuses on the phytochrome superfamily of photoreceptors. We have a longstanding interest in these proteins and in the linear tetrapyrrole (bilin) chromophores they use to detect light. Members of this superfamily control growth and development of plants (seed germination, photomorphogenesis, shade avoidance, and flowering, among other processes), making phytochromes important research targets for enhancing agricultural efficiency to meet the demand for food in the face of increasing human population. Other members of this family allow bacteria to move, form biofilms, or adjust their metabolism in response to the light environment. Phytochromes and cyanobacteriochromes (CBCRs), the two families of proteins in the phytochrome superfamily, are able to detect every color of light between the near-ultraviolet and the near-infrared, including red and far-red wavelengths that are optimal for imaging in mammalian tissue. Thus, basic research to understand phytochrome diversity, the mechanisms underlying its function in plants, algae, and bacteria, and development of new imaging tools well fits the mission of NIGMS. Research in the Lagarias lab leverages the natural diversity that has arisen in this superfamily during evolution. We seek to understand the mechanisms that allow these proteins to sense different colors of light, to either exhibit bright fluorescence or switch between photostates, to integrate signals such as temperature or pH with light, and to report this information to the cell. In the course of this research, we have also developed useful reagents including fluorescent phytochromes, constitutively active plant phytochromes, and phytochrome-null plants. In the next five years, we envision making further progress in understanding detection of far-red and near- infrared light by these proteins. We expect to learn how to “re-tune” the color-sensing mechanisms of a range of phytochromes and CBCRs, an insight which be applied to existing reagents and systems to allow new imaging applications, multiplexing of synthetic biology systems to respond to different colors, or tissue-specific applications in which specific targets are activated with light rather than with gene promoters. These goals fit well with our overall goals of understanding of the photochemical, biophysical, and biological processes of this family and potentially yield advances in biomedical imaging and synthetic biology via development of a knowledge base, improving fundamental methods with new reagents, and leveraging new technologies.

2021年4月1日 我们的建议集中在光敏色素超家族的光感受器。我们长期以来 这些蛋白质和线性四吡咯（胆色素）发色团，他们用来检测光的兴趣。 该超家族的成员控制植物的生长和发育（种子萌发， 光形态建成、避荫和开花等过程）， 光敏色素的重要研究对象，为提高农业效益，以满足需求 面对人口不断增加，人们只能寻求食物。这个家族的其他成员允许细菌 移动，形成生物膜，或调整它们的新陈代谢以响应光环境。 光敏色素和蓝细菌色素（CBCR），两个家庭的蛋白质在 光敏色素超家族，能够检测到近紫外线和 近红外，包括红色和远红色波长，最适合成像， 哺乳动物组织因此，基础研究，以了解光敏色素的多样性， 在植物，藻类和细菌中的功能，以及新成像工具的开发 符合NIGMS的使命。 Lagarias实验室的研究利用了这个超家族中出现的自然多样性 在进化过程中。我们试图了解这些蛋白质感知 不同颜色的光，要么表现出明亮的荧光或光态之间的切换， 将温度或pH等信号与光进行整合，并将此信息报告给细胞。在 在研究的过程中，我们还开发了有用的试剂， 光敏色素、组成型活性植物光敏色素和光敏色素无效植物。未来 五年后，我们设想在了解远红外和近红外探测方面取得进一步进展， 这些蛋白质发出的红外光。我们希望了解如何“重新调整”颜色感知机制 一系列光敏色素和CBCR，一种适用于现有试剂的见解， 系统允许新的成像应用，合成生物学系统的多路复用， 不同的颜色，或组织特定的应用程序，其中特定的目标是激活与光 而不是基因启动子。这些目标与我们理解的总体目标非常吻合， 该家族的光化学、生物物理和生物过程， 通过开发知识库，在生物医学成像和合成生物学方面取得进展， 用新试剂改进基本方法，并利用新技术。