Understanding and leveraging molecular diversity within the phytochrome superfamily

了解和利用光敏色素超家族内的分子多样性

• 批准号: 10529296
• 负责人: JOHN CLARK LAGARIAS
• 金额: $ 39.25万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2025-11-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10529296
• 关键词: Agriculture; Algae; Bacteria; Basic Science; Bilin; Biological Process; Biology; Biomedical Research; Biophysical Process; Cell physiology; Cells; Color; Detection; Development; Environment; Evolution; Exhibits; Family Process; Family member; Flowers; Fluorescence; Food; Genes; Germination; Goals; Human; Image; Imaging Device; Interphase Cell; LIGHT protein; Learning; Light; Mediating; Metabolism; Methods; Microbial Biofilms; Mission; Molecular; National Institute of General Medical Sciences; Photoreceptors; Phytochrome; Plants; Population; Process; Protein Family; Proteins; Reagent; Reporting; Research; Signal Transduction; Source; System; Systems Biology; Targeted Research; Temperature; Tetrapyrroles; Tissues; Work; biomedical imaging; chromophore; improved; insight; interest; knowledge base; member; new technology; phyA phytochrome; plant growth/development; promoter; response; synthetic biology; transmission process; ultraviolet

Understanding and leveraging molecular diversity within the phytochrome superfamily. Our proposal focuses on the phytochrome superfamily of photoreceptors. We have a longstanding interest in these proteins and in the linear tetrapyrrole (bilin) chromophores they use to detect light. Members of this superfamily control growth and development of plants (seed germination, photomorphogenesis, shade avoidance, and flowering, among other processes), making phytochromes important research targets for enhancing agricultural efficiency to meet the demand for food in the face of increasing human population. Other members of this family allow bacteria to move, form biofilms, or adjust their metabolism in response to the light environment. Phytochromes and cyanobacteriochromes (CBCRs), the two families of proteins in the phytochrome superfamily, are able to detect every color of light between the near-ultraviolet and the near-infrared, including red and far-red wavelengths that are optimal for imaging in mammalian tissue. Thus, basic research to understand phytochrome diversity, the mechanisms underlying its function in plants, algae, and bacteria, and development of new imaging tools well fits the mission of NIGMS. Research in the Lagarias lab leverages the natural diversity that has arisen in this superfamily during evolution. We seek to understand the mechanisms that allow these proteins to sense different colors of light, to either exhibit bright fluorescence or switch between photostates, to integrate signals such as temperature or pH with light, and to report this information to the cell. In the course of this research, we have also developed useful reagents including fluorescent phytochromes, constitutively active plant phytochromes, and phytochrome- null plants. In the next five years, we envision making further progress in understanding detection of far-red and near-infrared light by these proteins. We expect to learn how to “re-tune” the color- sensing mechanisms of a range of phytochromes and CBCRs, an insight which be applied to existing reagents and systems to allow new imaging applications, multiplexing of synthetic biology systems to respond to different colors, or tissue-specific applications in which specific targets are activated with light rather than with gene promoters. These goals fit well with our overall goals of understanding of the photochemical, biophysical, and biological processes of this family and potentially yield advances in biomedical imaging and synthetic biology via development of a knowledge base, improving fundamental methods with new reagents, and leveraging new technologies.

了解和利用光敏色素超家族内的分子多样性。 我们的建议重点关注光感受器的光敏色素超家族。我们有一个长期的 对这些蛋白质以及它们用来检测的线性四吡咯（bilin）发色团感兴趣 光。该超家族的成员控制植物的生长和发育（种子发芽， 光形态发生、避荫和开花等过程）， 光敏色素是提高农业效率以满足 面对不断增长的人口，对粮食的需求。该家庭的其他成员允许 细菌根据光环境移动、形成生物膜或调整其新陈代谢。 光敏色素和蓝细菌色素（CBCR）是生物体内的两个蛋白质家族 光敏色素超家族能够检测近紫外光和近紫外光之间的每种颜色的光 近红外，包括最适合成像的红光和远红波长 哺乳动物组织。因此，了解光敏色素多样性、机制的基础研究 揭示其在植物、藻类和细菌中的功能，并很好地开发新的成像工具 符合 NIGMS 的使命。 Lagarias 实验室的研究利用了这里出现的自然多样性 进化过程中的超家族。我们试图了解这些蛋白质的机制 感知不同颜色的光，表现出明亮的荧光或在不同颜色的光之间切换 光态，将温度或 pH 值等信号与光相结合，并报告这一情况 信息到细胞。在这项研究过程中，我们还开发了有用的试剂 包括荧光光敏色素、组成型活性植物光敏色素和光敏色素 无效植物。未来五年，我们预计在理解检测方面取得进一步进展 这些蛋白质产生远红光和近红外光。我们期望学习如何“重新调整”颜色- 一系列光敏色素和 CBCR 的传感机制，这一见解可应用于 现有的试剂和系统可实现新的成像应用、合成生物学的多重分析 系统响应不同的颜色，或特定目标的组织特定应用 用光而不是基因启动子激活。这些目标与我们的总体目标非常契合 了解该家族的光化学、生物物理和生物过程，以及 通过开发一种可能会在生物医学成像和合成生物学方面取得进展 知识库，用新试剂改进基本方法，并利用新的 技术。