Understanding and leveraging molecular diversity within the phytochrome superfamily

了解和利用光敏色素超家族内的分子多样性

• 批准号: 10529296
• 负责人: JOHN CLARK LAGARIAS
• 金额: $ 39.25万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2025-11-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10529296
• 关键词: Agriculture; Algae; Bacteria; Basic Science; Bilin; Biological Process; Biology; Biomedical Research; Biophysical Process; Cell physiology; Cells; Color; Detection; Development; Environment; Evolution; Exhibits; Family Process; Family member; Flowers; Fluorescence; Food; Genes; Germination; Goals; Human; Image; Imaging Device; Interphase Cell; LIGHT protein; Learning; Light; Mediating; Metabolism; Methods; Microbial Biofilms; Mission; Molecular; National Institute of General Medical Sciences; Photoreceptors; Phytochrome; Plants; Population; Process; Protein Family; Proteins; Reagent; Reporting; Research; Signal Transduction; Source; System; Systems Biology; Targeted Research; Temperature; Tetrapyrroles; Tissues; Work; biomedical imaging; chromophore; improved; insight; interest; knowledge base; member; new technology; phyA phytochrome; plant growth/development; promoter; response; synthetic biology; transmission process; ultraviolet

Understanding and leveraging molecular diversity within the phytochrome superfamily. Our proposal focuses on the phytochrome superfamily of photoreceptors. We have a longstanding interest in these proteins and in the linear tetrapyrrole (bilin) chromophores they use to detect light. Members of this superfamily control growth and development of plants (seed germination, photomorphogenesis, shade avoidance, and flowering, among other processes), making phytochromes important research targets for enhancing agricultural efficiency to meet the demand for food in the face of increasing human population. Other members of this family allow bacteria to move, form biofilms, or adjust their metabolism in response to the light environment. Phytochromes and cyanobacteriochromes (CBCRs), the two families of proteins in the phytochrome superfamily, are able to detect every color of light between the near-ultraviolet and the near-infrared, including red and far-red wavelengths that are optimal for imaging in mammalian tissue. Thus, basic research to understand phytochrome diversity, the mechanisms underlying its function in plants, algae, and bacteria, and development of new imaging tools well fits the mission of NIGMS. Research in the Lagarias lab leverages the natural diversity that has arisen in this superfamily during evolution. We seek to understand the mechanisms that allow these proteins to sense different colors of light, to either exhibit bright fluorescence or switch between photostates, to integrate signals such as temperature or pH with light, and to report this information to the cell. In the course of this research, we have also developed useful reagents including fluorescent phytochromes, constitutively active plant phytochromes, and phytochrome- null plants. In the next five years, we envision making further progress in understanding detection of far-red and near-infrared light by these proteins. We expect to learn how to “re-tune” the color- sensing mechanisms of a range of phytochromes and CBCRs, an insight which be applied to existing reagents and systems to allow new imaging applications, multiplexing of synthetic biology systems to respond to different colors, or tissue-specific applications in which specific targets are activated with light rather than with gene promoters. These goals fit well with our overall goals of understanding of the photochemical, biophysical, and biological processes of this family and potentially yield advances in biomedical imaging and synthetic biology via development of a knowledge base, improving fundamental methods with new reagents, and leveraging new technologies.

了解和利用植物色素超家族中的分子多样性。 我们的建议着重于感光体的植物色素超家族。我们有一个长期的 对这些蛋白质和线性四吡咯（Bilin）发色团的兴趣 光。这种超家族控制植物的生长和发育的成员（种子发芽， 在其他过程中，显微形态发生，避免阴影和开花）使 植物色素的重要研究目标是提高农业效率以满足农业效率 面对人口增加的食物需求。这个家庭的其他成员允许 细菌移动，形成生物膜或根据光环境调整其新陈代谢。 植物色素和蓝细菌色素（CBCR），两个蛋白质家族 植物色素超家族，能够检测到近粉状物和 近红外，包括最佳成像的红色和远红色波长 哺乳动物组织。这是了解植物色素多样性的基础研究 其在植物，藻类和细菌中的功能以及新成像工具的开发很好 适合Nigms的任务。 Lagarias Lab的研究利用了在此产生的自然多样性 在进化过程中的超家族。我们试图了解允许这些蛋白质的机制 要感知不同颜色的光，要么暴露明亮的荧光或在之间切换 光静态，以将温度或pH和光的信号与光线整合在一起，并报告此 信息到单元。在这项研究过程中，我们还开发了有用的试剂 包括荧光植物色素，组成型活性植物植物色素和植物色素 - 空植物。在接下来的五年中，我们设想在理解检测方面取得进一步的进步 这些蛋白质的远红色和近红外光。我们希望学习如何“重新调整”颜色 - 一系列植物色素和CBCR的感应机制，一种应用于 现有的试剂和系统以允许新成像应用，合成生物学的多路复用 对不同颜色或组织特异性应用的响应的系统，其中特定目标是 用光而不是用基因启动子激活。这些目标符合我们的整体目标 了解该家族的光化学，生物物理和生物学过程 通过开发生物医学成像和合成生物学的潜在产量进步 知识库，通过新试剂改善基本方法，并利用新的方法 技术。