Anti-viral Active Air-Purifying Respirator with Photocatalytic Microreactor to Prevent Airborne Diseases

项目总结/摘要 由高影响力的呼吸道病原体引起流行病或大流行病的可能性正在增加。研究 在COVID-19爆发之前，新出现的疾病爆发频率上升， 自疫情爆发以来，呼吸防护面具在空气传播时使用 空气中存在诸如灰尘、烟雾、烟和薄雾的污染物。污染物还包括 空气中的细菌病毒和真菌目前，大多数市售的无系绳防护面罩是 设计用于手术或工业安全，并可提供充分的保护，免受空气污染物的影响， 通过粒子滤波来实现。因此，大多数口罩不会杀死病原体以保护佩戴者。因此，我们认为， 当使用主动呼吸器时，过滤的病原体是活的和传染性的， 通过触摸而延伸或传播。目前的主动式制冷机体积大、重量重，并且设计用于2-4小时的制冷。 使用.简而言之，防护口罩并非为未经训练的使用者长时间使用而设计。直到疫情 在2019冠状病毒病期间，抗病原可穿戴呼吸器的必要性并不像现在这样重要。这 COVID-19暴露了我们在为前线提供安全工作环境方面的准备不足 在呼吸道大流行期间工作。大多数当前的保护性制冷剂只解决了部分所需的 溶液工作解决方案需要结合联合收割机的所有关键要求，如高过滤（≥ 99%）， 纳米级颗粒，病原体中和，水分消散，生态友好，舒适 长期使用。拟议的研发工作解决了可穿戴抗病原体呼吸器的关键需求， 经过培训或未经培训的用户长期使用。我们建议设计和开发一种主动的，不受束缚的，反- 带有集成光催化微反应器的病原体全脸呼吸面罩， 微生物，包括病毒SARS-CoV-2。虽然拟议的系统包含所有组件， 一种便携式呼吸器，其部件被小型化并集成到全面罩中。因此，该系统 在本提案中被称为全面罩。拟议中的全脸面罩吸入周围的空气过滤掉 小至100 nm的颗粒（单个SARS-CoV-2病毒颗粒的大小），使空气通过集成的 光催化微反应器杀死所有的微生物，和挥发性有机化学品（VOCs），并提供 为用户提供洁净的空气。口罩还可以作为一种防御措施，防止通风系统受到污染的威胁 生物恐怖主义。这款面具完全不受束缚，设计为一次充电可运行8-10小时。的 主动供电面罩可以使佩戴者免受空气传播的病原体的侵害，同时保持能见度和舒适度。

Project Summary/Abstract The potential for an epidemic or pandemic caused by a high-impact respiratory pathogen is increasing. Studies prior to the COVID-19 outbreak show that the frequency of outbreaks of newly emerging diseases rose, which has exacerbated since the pandemic started. Respiratory protective masks are used whenever airborne contaminants such as dust, fumes, smoke, and mists are present in the air. The contaminants also include airborne bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Currently, most commercially available untethered protective masks are designed for surgical or industrial safety and may provide adequate protection from airborne contaminants but do so through particle filtering. Therefore, most masks do not kill the pathogens to protect the wearers. Hence, while using an active respirator, the filtered pathogens, which are alive and infectious, may enter the respiratory tract overtime or spread by touch. The current active respirators are bulky, heavy, and designed for 2-4 hours of use. In brief, the protective masks are not designed for prolonged daily use by untrained users. Until the outbreak of COVID-19, the necessity of an anti-pathogenic wearable respirator was not as significant as it is now. This COVID-19 has exposed our lack of preparedness in providing a safe working environment for the frontline workers during the respiratory pandemic. Most current protective respirators address only part of the desired solution. A working solution needs to combine all the critical requirements, such as high filtration (≥ 99%) for nanometer-scale particles, pathogens-neutralization, moisture dissipation, eco-friendliness, and comfortable prolonged use. The proposed R&D effort addresses a wearable anti-pathogenic respirator's critical need for prolonged use by trained or untrained users. We propose designing and developing an active, untethered, anti- pathogen full-face breathing mask with an integrated photocatalytic microreactor that can neutralize all microorganisms, including viruses SARS-CoV-2. Although the proposed system contains all the components of a portable respirator, the components are miniaturized and integrated into a full-face mask. Hence, the system is referred to as a full-face mask in this proposal. The proposed full-face mask intakes surrounding air filters out particles as small as 100 nm (size of a single SARS-CoV-2 viral particle), passes the air through an integrated photocatalytic microreactor killing all the microorganisms, and volatile organic chemicals (VOCs), and supply clean air to the user. The mask also works as a defense against the threat of contamination of ventilation systems by bioterrorism. The mask is completely untethered and designed to run for 8-10 hours with a single charge. The active-powered mask can save the wearer from airborne pathogens while maintaining visibility and comfort.