Defining CRISPR adaptation and interference mechanisms in E. coli
Defining CRISPR adaptation and interference mechanisms in E. coli
批准号:
10387608
负责人:
Dipali Gurudutt Sashital
金额:
$2.4万
依托单位:
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2021
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2021-06-01 至 2022-08-31
关键词:
Adaptive Immune SystemAffectAntibiotic ResistanceArchaeaAutomobile DrivingBacteriaBacteriophagesBase PairingBindingBinding ProteinsBiochemicalBiophysicsCRISPR interferenceClustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic RepeatsCommunitiesComplexDNADependenceDetectionDevelopmentDiseaseEcosystemEffectivenessElementsEscherichia coliEventEvolutionGenesGeneticGenomeGoalsGuide RNAHealthHorizontal Gene TransferHumanHuman MicrobiomeImmuneImmune responseImmune systemImmunityInfectionInvadedInvestigationKnowledgeLeadLifeMeasuresMetabolismMethodsModelingMolecularMolecular ConformationMovementMutationNucleic AcidsOrganismPlasmidsPoint MutationPopulationPopulation DynamicsProductionProteinsRNA InterferenceRaceSeedsShapesSmall RNASpecificityStructureSystemTherapeuticTimeVirus DiseasesWorkantimicrobialarmbiophysical toolscombatendonucleasein vivomicrobiomemutantpathogenic virusresponsetoolviral resistancevirus host interaction
中文摘要
项目总结
英文摘要
Project Summary
Viral resistance is essential in all kingdoms of life, although diverse organisms have
evolved equally diverse mechanisms for combatting infection. In bacteria and archaea, the
CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) adaptive immune system
clears invading DNA during infection through a small-RNA guided interference mechanism.
CRISPR immunity proceeds through two stages: adaptation, in which fragments of invasive
DNA from bacteriophages or plasmids are inserted as spacers within the CRISPR locus of the
host genome and subsequently serve as templates for the production of small guide CRISPR
(cr)RNAs;; and interference, during which the crRNA and its effector CRISPR associated (Cas)
proteins bind complementary target regions of the invading DNA, leading to its destruction by a
Cas endonuclease. Our goal is to define how bacteria maximize their immune capacity to gain
an advantage in the molecular arms race against their invaders. Our first goal is to understand
the sequence-dependence of immune system evasion through the development of point
mutations within the invading DNA. Our previous studies have revealed that spacer sequence
greatly influences the effectiveness of these “escape” mutations, suggesting for the first time
that some spacer sequences provide stronger immunity than others. In addition, we have
discovered that during initial infection, bacteria use a two-tiered defensive system to broaden
their adaptation capacity. We will evaluate the impact of this tactic on host immunity and
elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying this defense strategy. Finally, we will determine
the structural basis for rapid adaptation triggered when the CRISPR machinery senses non-
canonical target sequences. Our studies will have major implications on the understanding of
host-virus interactions and co-evolution, an important determinant of the compositional
dynamics within complex ecological systems including the human microbiome.
期刊论文(8)
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DOI:
10.1016/j.molcel.2018.03.003
发表时间:
2018-04-05
期刊:
Molecular cell
影响因子:
16
作者:
[Lee H, Zhou Y, Taylor DW, Sashital DG]
通讯作者:
Sashital DG
Fluorescence-based methods for measuring target interference by CRISPR-Cas systems.
基于荧光的 CRISPR-Cas 系统干扰测量方法。
DOI:
10.1016/bs.mie.2018.10.027
发表时间:
2019
期刊:
Methods in enzymology
影响因子:
--
作者:
[Phan,PhongT, Schelling,Michael, Xue,Chaoyou, Sashital,DipaliG]
通讯作者:
Sashital,DipaliG
DOI:
10.1128/ecosalplus.esp-0008-2018
发表时间:
2019-02
期刊:
EcoSal Plus
影响因子:
--
作者:
[Chaoyou Xue;Dipali G. Sashital]
通讯作者:
Chaoyou Xue;Dipali G. Sashital
DOI:
10.1016/j.molcel.2016.09.033
发表时间:
2016-11-17
期刊:
Molecular cell
影响因子:
16
作者:
[Xue C, Whitis NR, Sashital DG]
通讯作者:
Sashital DG
Updating the CRISPR Catalogue.
更新 CRISPR 目录。
DOI:
10.1089/crispr.2020.29088.ydh
发表时间:
2020
期刊:
The CRISPR journal
影响因子:
--
作者:
[Dhingra,Yukti, Sashital,DipaliG]
通讯作者:
Sashital,DipaliG
共 7 条
Defining mechanisms of diverse CRISPR-Cas complexes
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批准号:10402354
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$36.16万
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财政年份:2021
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负责人:Dipali Gurudutt Sashital
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依托单位:
Defining mechanisms of diverse CRISPR-Cas complexes
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批准号:10809979
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$1.0万
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财政年份:2021
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负责人:Dipali Gurudutt Sashital
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依托单位:
Defining mechanisms of diverse CRISPR-Cas complexes
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批准号:10621764
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$36.16万
-
财政年份:2021
-
负责人:Dipali Gurudutt Sashital
-
依托单位:
Defining Mechanisms of Diverse CRISPR-Cas Complexes
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批准号:10582088
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$25.0万
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财政年份:2021
-
负责人:Dipali Gurudutt Sashital
-
依托单位:
Defining CRISPR adaptation and interference mechanisms in E. coli
-
批准号:9177303
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项目类别:
-
资助金额:$30.39万
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财政年份:2016
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负责人:Dipali Gurudutt Sashital
-
依托单位:
海外基金