Impact of housing quality, race, and wildfire exposure on preterm birth in California

加利福尼亚州住房质量、种族和野火暴露对早产的影响

• 批准号: 10399950
• 负责人: Amy Michelle Padula
• 金额: $ 8.02万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-08-10 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10399950
• 关键词: 37 weeks gestation; Address; Adult; Affect; Agriculture; Air; Air Pollution; American; Area; Aromatic Polycyclic Hydrocarbons; Asians; Atlases; Biomass; Birth; Birth Certificates; Birth Records; Burn injury; California; Categories; Censuses; Characteristics; Chemicals; Childhood; Cities; Climate; Complex; County; Data; Data Set; Databases; Disease; Ethnic Origin; Ethnic group; Event; Exposure to; Fire - disasters; Future; Gestational Age; Grouping; Health; High Prevalence; Hispanics; Home; Household; Housing; Income; Individual; Infiltration; Investments; Live Birth; Low Income Population; Low income; Measurement; Measures; Modeling; Monitor; Mothers; Neighborhoods; Not Hispanic or Latino; Ozone; Particulate Matter; Pattern; Perinatal mortality demographics; Policies; Poverty; Pregnancy; Pregnant Women; Premature Birth; Price; Race; Regulation; Reporting; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Scientific Advances and Accomplishments; Seasons; Smoke; Source; Structure; Taxes; Temperature; Time; United States; Vulnerable Populations; Wildfire; Wood material; adverse birth outcomes; ambient air pollution; base; climate zone; critical period; deprivation; fine particles; fire prevention; indexing; low socioeconomic status; parent grant; pollutant; predictive modeling; premature; prenatal exposure; racial and ethnic; random forest; residence; wasting

Project Summary (Parent Grant) Preterm birth is an important risk factor for perinatal mortality and adverse health consequences in childhood and adulthood. In the United States, approximately 10% of all live births were preterm (<37 weeks gestation) in 2012 and it continues to climb. Fresno County, in the San Joaquin Valley of California, is an area of known high air pollution burden and a high prevalence of preterm birth (12%). Wildfires are a significant and increasing source of air pollution in California (CA) that threaten to reverse the progress made over the past decades in air pollution reduction and their effects on pregnant women are not well understood. Furthermore, recent fires are occurring at the wildfire urban interface leading to biomass and structure burning. With increased exposure to wildfire smoke comes increasing concern of health effects of these exposures to inform future regulation. Other biomass burning sources are agricultural waste burning, prescribed burns, and residential wood burning which all can increase air pollution exposure but in more controlled settings and are generally performed during seasons outside the growing fire season. They differ in scope, temperature and chemical composition and may have less severe health effects compared to wildfires. We and other investigators have demonstrated preterm birth risk is sensitive to prenatal exposures to ambient air pollution, including criteria pollutants such as particulate matter and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, a product of incomplete combustion. Moreover, we have found stronger associations in neighborhoods with lower socioeconomic status. This double jeopardy of exposure to pollutants and poverty is hypothesized to contribute to disparities in preterm birth, but sufficient data are often lacking. To address the contribution of wildfire and other biomass burning smoke exposures on preterm birth, and how these relationships may be modified by neighborhood deprivation, we propose to compile a unique group of datasets of fire occurrence, air quality monitoring and modelling, and birth record data for CA (2008-2016) to evaluate the effects of wildfires and intentional burning (agricultural waste, residential wood, and prescribed burns) exposure on preterm birth and to evaluate if the effects differ by the Index of Concentration at the Extreme, a measure of neighborhood deprivation that accounts for extremes based on race/ethnicity and income by census tract. We will compare different models of fire exposure assessment and examine critical periods of pregnancy with regard to preterm birth, while controlling for season. This study will provide estimates of the impact of air pollution exposures from wildfires and other biomass burning on preterm birth. The findings have the potential to inform fire prevention and protection regulation for wildfires, agricultural waste burning, prescribed burns, and residential wood burning.

项目总结(家长资助) 早产是围产儿死亡和不良健康后果的重要危险因素。 童年和成年。在美国，大约10%的活产是早产(37周 怀孕)，而且还在继续攀升。位于加利福尼亚州圣华金河谷的弗雷斯诺县是一个地区 已知的高空气污染负担和高早产率(12%)。 野火是加州(CA)空气污染的一个重要且不断增加的来源，有可能逆转这一趋势 过去几十年在减少空气污染方面取得的进展及其对孕妇的影响如下 不是很清楚。此外，最近在野火城市交界处发生的火灾导致了生物量 和建筑被烧毁。随着暴露在野火烟雾中的增加，人们越来越担心火灾对健康的影响 这些风险敞口将为未来的监管提供信息。其他生物质焚烧来源是农业垃圾焚烧， 规定的焚烧和住宅木柴燃烧都会增加空气污染暴露，但 受控制的设置，通常在火情旺季以外的季节进行。它们的不同之处在于 范围、温度和化学成分，与野火相比，可能不会对健康造成严重影响。 我们和其他研究人员已经证明，早产风险对产前暴露于 环境空气污染，包括颗粒物和多环芳烃等标准污染物 碳氢化合物，不完全燃烧的产物。此外，我们发现更强的关联性 社会经济地位较低的社区。这种接触污染物和贫困的双重危险是 据推测，这会导致早产的差异，但通常缺乏足够的数据。 为了解决野火和其他生物质燃烧烟雾暴露对早产的影响，以及 如何通过剥夺邻居来改变这些关系，我们建议汇编一个独特的组 加州火灾发生、空气质量监测和建模以及出生记录数据的数据集(2008-2016)至 评估野火和故意焚烧的影响(农业废物、居民木材和规定的 烧伤)暴露于早产，并评估是否影响不同的浓度指数在 极端，一种邻里剥夺的衡量标准，说明了基于种族和民族的极端行为 按人口普查区域分列的收入。我们将比较不同的火灾暴露评估模型，并审查关键 与早产有关的妊娠期，同时控制季节。 这项研究将对野火和其他生物质造成的空气污染暴露的影响进行估计。 因早产而灼伤。这些发现有可能为以下防火法规提供参考 野火、农业垃圾焚烧、规定的焚烧和住宅木材焚烧。