Traffic-related Air Pollution, Social Factors and Adverse Birth Outcomes

与交通相关的空气污染、社会因素和不良出生结果

• 批准号: 9205288
• 负责人: Amy Michelle Padula
• 金额: $ 24.9万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-04-01 至 2019-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9205288
• 关键词: Accounting; Acculturation; Address; Affect; Air; Air Pollutants; Alcohols; American; Anthropology; Asthma; Award; Birth; Birth Certificates; Birth Weight; California; Cardiovascular Diseases; Categories; Censuses; Childhood; Cigarette; Clinical; Congenital Abnormality; Crime; Data; Databases; Diabetes Mellitus; Disease; Economic Factors; Education; Educational Background; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Health; Environmental Policy; Epidemiologist; Epidemiology; Etiology; Event; Exposure to; Fetal Growth Retardation; Funding; Future; Generations; Geographic Information Systems; Gestational Age; Goals; Growth and Development function; Health; Healthcare; Hispanics; Human; Human Biology; Immigrant; Income; Individual; Infant Mortality; Intention; Joints; Language; Low Birth Weight Infant; Measures; Mentors; Methods; Mission; Neighborhoods; Neonatal Mortality; Outcome; Participant; Pathway interactions; Perinatal Epidemiology; Personal Satisfaction; Pesticides; Physical environment; Policies; Population; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Premature Birth; Prevalence; Preventive measure; Public Assistance; Public Health; Questionnaires; Recommendation; Research; Research Personnel; Research Support; Research Training; Role; Sample Size; Small for Gestational Age Infant; Social Environment; Societies; Structural Congenital Anomalies; Training; Unemployment; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Vehicle Emissions; Woman; career; career development; contextual factors; density; deprivation; driving force; human disease; improved; indexing; insight; interest; land use; member; neonatal outcome; pollutant; preference; premature; prenatal; prevent; programs; public health research; social; socioeconomic disadvantage; socioeconomic disparity; socioeconomics; stressor; study population; tool; traffic-related air pollution; trafficking

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant) The candidate is seeking a Pathway to Independence Award to provide an intensive research, training and career development program as an epidemiologist and developing investigator at the Stanford University. The long-term goal is to become a leading investigator in the field of environmental perinatal epidemiology with the intention of informing clinical decisions and environmental policy to improve pediatric health. To continue her progress towards this goal, the candidate is proposing a study addressing specific hypotheses of the role of social factors, namely neighborhood deprivation and acculturation, in the relationship between traffic-related air pollution and adverse birth outcomes. The exposures of interest include ambient air pollutants and traffic density. The adverse birth outcomes include structural birth defects and outcomes related to birth weight and gestational age. She will use semi-parametric methods estimate population- level effects with a more causal parameters of interest. She will develop and use indices to characterize neighborhood deprivation and acculturation and investigate these factors as potential effect modifiers. With the use of geographic information systems (GIS) tools and publicly available data, the candidate will characterize the social context of the neighborhood of each participant to gain more insight into the interaction of the physical and social environment in determining health outcomes. The data comprising these indices will be shared via an online database for researchers to use for future studies in the San Joaquin Valley of California. This research supports the National Institutes of Health's mission to prevent disease and improve the health and well-being of Americans and the NIEHS's mission to build integrated environmental health research programs to address the cross-cutting problems in human biology and human disease. With the robust research program that the candidate has proposed, she plan for future training and the strong team of mentors and advisors, and she intends to become an independent researcher and prepare herself to compete for R01 funding to: 1) expand the geographic and temporal range; 2) combine with databases that include additional neonatal outcomes; and 3) create a more rich exposure assessment by collecting more data on additional pollutants such as pesticides and air toxics.

描述（由申请人提供）