Novel approaches to assessing cannabis impaired driving

评估大麻驾驶障碍的新方法

• 批准号: 10399616
• 负责人: Ashley Brooks-Russell
• 金额: $ 49.62万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-07-01 至 2025-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10399616
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Automobile Driving; Benchmarking; Biological Markers; Blood; Blood capillaries; Blood specimen; Cannabinoids; Cannabis; Collection; Country; Detection; Devices; Dose; Drug Kinetics; Enrollment; Evaluation; Event; Eye Movements; Flowers; Forensic Medicine; Goals; Goggles; Health Personnel; Human Resources; Impairment; Institutional Review Boards; Laboratories; Law Enforcement; Laws; Learning; Legal; Literature; Marijuana Smoking; Measurement; Measures; Medical; Methods; Pattern; Performance; Persons; Pharmacodynamics; Phase; Plant Resins; Police; Positioning Attribute; Predictive Value; Protocols documentation; Psychomotor Performance; Psychotropic Drugs; Public Health; Pupil; Reaction Time; Recording of previous events; Reflex action; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Risk; Role; Route; Safety; Scanning; Self Administration; Smoke; Standardization; Subgroup; System; THC concentration; Tablets; Testing; Tetrahydrocannabinol; Time; Universities; Venous; Whole Blood; Workplace; base; cognitive function; cohort; design; driving safety; driving under influence; impaired driving performance; innovation; innovative technologies; instrument; marijuana smoker; marijuana use; marijuana user; multidisciplinary; novel; novel strategies; oculomotor; pharmacokinetic model; portability; prevent; recruit

PROJECT SUMMARY The ability of public safety personnel to identify cannabis impaired driving has lagged behind the dramatic shifts in legal access to cannabis in the U.S. and other countries. Reducing the risk related to cannabis impaired driving will depend on accurate methods to detect impairment and evidence-informed guidance on how dose, route of administration, and temporal factors are associated with impairment. We will leverage our operational driving simulator laboratory to test innovative devices for accuracy and predictive value in identifying impairment from cannabis use. We will test portable devices that measure psychomotor performance (on a tablet) and oculomotor performance (in a goggle-based instrument). Using an efficient, within-subjects design, performance on these devices will be compared to driving simulator measures obtained before and after self-administered cannabis by occasional and daily cannabis users. We will also examine the pharmacokinetic profile of THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) and its metabolites in relation to pharmacodynamic measurements of psychomotor function. We will conduct 3 phases of research over 5 years. In phase 1 we will collect standard venous and innovative (100 µL) capillary blood samples before and after cannabis use among a cohort of cannabis users with varied cannabis use histories (n=30) to examine the pharmacokinetic profile of blood cannabinoids over time. In Phase 2, we will recruit a cohort of cannabis users to complete assessments before and after smoking cannabis to examine the predictive value of established psychomotor tests, ocular tests, and blood cannabinoid profiles against validated benchmarks of driving simulator performance. A subgroup of non-using control subjects will be enrolled to adjust for learning effects (total n=120). In Phase 3 we will use a similar approach to test the effect of edible cannabis products on impairment (n=90). These innovative technologies are highly portable and have the promise to offer an objective assessment of impairment due to cannabis and other psychoactive drugs at or near the roadside or at the workplace. Successful completion of our study will provide public health and safety officials, medical and recreational cannabis users, health care providers, employers and the judicial system with novel information regarding cannabis use and driving safety.

项目概要 公共安全人员识别大麻醉酒驾驶的能力落后于 美国和其他国家合法获取大麻的情况发生了巨大变化。降低风险 与大麻相关的驾驶障碍将取决于准确的方法来检测障碍和 关于剂量、给药途径和时间因素的循证指导 与损伤有关。我们将利用我们的运营驾驶模拟器实验室进行测试 创新设备在识别大麻损害方面具有准确性和预测价值 使用。我们将测试测量精神运动表现的便携式设备（在平板电脑上）和 动眼神经性能（在基于护目镜的仪器中）。使用有效的、受试者内部的 这些设备的设计、性能将与获得的驾驶模拟器测量结果进行比较 偶尔和每天吸食大麻的人自行服用大麻之前和之后。我们将 还检查了 THC（四氢大麻酚）及其代谢物的药代动力学特征 与精神运动功能的药效学测量的关系。我们将分3阶段进行 超过5年的研究。在第一阶段，我们将收集标准静脉和创新静脉 (100 µL) 一组大麻使用者在使用大麻之前和之后的毛细血管血液样本 不同的大麻使用史（n=30）来检查血液的药代动力学特征 随着时间的推移大麻素。在第二阶段，我们将招募一批大麻使用者来完成 在吸食大麻之前和之后进行评估，以检查既定的预测价值 根据经过验证的基准进行精神运动测试、眼部测试和血液大麻素概况 驾驶模拟器的性能。一组不使用对照受试者将被纳入 调整学习效果（总计 n=120）。在第三阶段，我们将使用类似的方法来测试 食用大麻产品对损伤的影响（n=90）。这些创新技术是 高度便携，并有望提供客观的损伤评估 在路边或附近或工作场所使用大麻和其他精神药物。成功的 完成我们的研究将为公共卫生和安全官员、医疗和娱乐官员提供帮助 向大麻使用者、医疗保健提供者、雇主和司法系统提供新信息 关于大麻的使用和驾驶安全。