Advanced Assessment of Auditory-Vocal Affect in Autism with Speech and Music

通过言语和音乐对自闭症患者的听觉-声音影响进行高级评估

• 批准号: 10399452
• 负责人: Daniel Liu Bowling
• 金额: $ 17.96万
• 依托单位: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-04-01 至 2024-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10399452
• 关键词: Acoustics; Address; Adult; Affect; Affective; Animals; Applications Grants; Auditory; Basic Science; Behavioral; Big Data; Biological Assay; Blood; Brain Diseases; Categories; Clinical; Clinical Research; Collection; Communication; Complex; Data; Depressed mood; Descriptor; Diagnosis; Dimensions; Dose; Face; Foundations; Functional disorder; Future; General Population; Generations; Goals; Gold; Hearing Tests; Human; Impairment; Individual; Individual Differences; Internet; Investigation; Knowledge; Laboratory Study; Language; Lead; Linguistics; Major Depressive Disorder; Measures; Mental Health; Modeling; Music; Nature; Needles; Neurobiology; Neuroendocrinology; Neuropeptides; Outcome; Oxytocin; Perception; Performance; Placebos; Poetry; Psychometrics; Publications; Reflex action; Research; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Role; Schizophrenia; Signal Transduction; Social Behavior; Social Functioning; Speech; Speech Perception; Statistical Methods; Stimulus; Sum; System; Testing; Thinness; Time; Training; Uncertainty; Variant; Visual; Voice; adult with autism spectrum disorder; auditory processing; autism spectrum disorder; autistic; base; behavioral phenotyping; clinically relevant; design; digital; improved; individuals with autism spectrum disorder; innovation; insight; language processing; relating to nervous system; response; skills; social; social communication; social deficits; sound; two-dimensional

It is often said that humans are visual animals, but there is little doubt that our exceptional capacity for social communication is auditory-vocal in nature. Importantly, this capacity is not limited to conversational speech, but is also utilized in more abstract aspects of sound ranging over proselytizing, poetry, repetitive chant, and music. A core feature of this speech-music continuum is the ability to convey affect through sound – made possible by an auditory-vocal functionality that has evolved to reflexively attribute affect to voice-like stimuli. A system for processing auditory-vocal affect is critical to human social behavior: its refinement predicts social fluency, as individuals who are skilled at sharing in affect tend to be more socially integrated; and its impairment predicts social deficits, e.g., in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), schizophrenia, and major depressive disorder. Despite its central role in social behavior, we lack insight into the neurobiology that underlies the processing of auditory- vocal affect and why it fails to operate normally in prominent brain disorders. This gap in knowledge is directly related to the absence of a psychometrically robust, objective, and efficient assay, i.e., a “gold standard” test of Auditory-Vocal Affect. Accordingly, Aim 1 of this proposal is to develop a gold standard Test of Auditory-Vocal Affect (the “TAVA”) and collect large-scale normative data to support it. To do so I will: (a) use a combination of carefully designed speech and music stimuli to overcome obstacles faced by previous tests and tease apart issues of language processing from a core impairment in auditory-vocal affect processing; and (b) deploy the TAVA online. Aim 2 tests whether the TAVA can accurately discriminate adults with ASD from neurotypical adults in a controlled laboratory study. And Aim 3 tests whether a single-dose of intranasally administered oxytocin vs. placebo can “move the needle” on TAVA performance in ASD, as implicated in previous studies of affect processing and ASD. My overarching hypothesis is that impairment in auditory-vocal affect functionality is a fundamental but poorly defined dimension of the core social deficits that define ASD. My rationale is that deficits in the perception of affect in speech are repeatedly described in ASD but, in contrast to visuo-facial affect, remain under-interrogated and poorly understood. If I am successful, I will have defined a new standard for assessing auditory-vocal affect functionality, suitable for behavioral phenotyping and as an objective assessment in ASD specifically and in clinical research more generally. Furthermore, my results will provide a foundation for future investigations into the neurobiological bases of auditory-vocal affect that promises to define their contribution to social function and dysfunction in mental health. Finally, the research goals outlined here synergize with a training plan that fills critical gaps in my basic science background. Specifically, I seek to acquire skills in neuroendocrinology, clinical research, and advanced statistical methods that will allow me to apply my interdisciplinary background in auditory-vocal communication – focused on speech, music, and affect – to relevant problems in mental health research as I transition to research independence.

人们常说，人类是视觉动物，但毫无疑问，我们非凡的社交能力， 沟通本质上是语音沟通。重要的是，这种能力不仅限于会话语音， 也被用于更抽象的声音方面，包括传教、诗歌、重复的圣歌和音乐。 这种语音-音乐连续体的一个核心特征是通过声音传达情感的能力， 这是一种本能的发声功能，已经进化到反射性地将影响归因于类似声音的刺激。的系统 处理语音情感对人类的社会行为至关重要：它的精细化预测了社会流畅性， 善于分享情感的人往往更能融入社会，而这种缺陷预示着 社会赤字，例如，自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）、精神分裂症和重度抑郁症。尽管 它在社会行为中的核心作用，我们缺乏对神经生物学的洞察力，这是听觉处理的基础， 声音的影响，以及为什么它不能正常运作，在突出的大脑疾病。这种知识上的差距， 与缺乏心理测量学上稳健、客观和有效的测定有关，即，“黄金标准”测试 听觉-声音影响。因此，本研究的目的之一是开发一个金标准的听觉-发声测试， 影响（“TAVA”），并收集大规模的规范性数据来支持它。 精心设计的语音和音乐刺激，以克服以前的测试所面临的障碍， 语言处理的问题，从一个核心障碍，在发音-声乐影响处理;和（B）部署 TAVA在线。目的2测试TAVA是否可以准确区分ASD成人和神经典型成人 在一个受控的实验室研究中。目标3测试了单剂量鼻内注射催产素与 安慰剂可以“移动针”TAVA性能在ASD，在以前的研究中， 处理和ASD。我的总体假设是，在言语情感功能的损害是一个 基本的，但定义不明确的维度的核心社会赤字，定义ASD。我的理论是， 在ASD中反复描述了言语中的情感感知，但与视觉面部情感相反， 不被审问也不被理解如果我成功了，我将定义一个新的评估标准， 言语情感功能，适用于行为表型分析，并作为ASD的客观评估 尤其是在临床研究中。此外，本文的研究结果将为今后的研究奠定基础。 研究的神经生物学基础，语音影响，承诺确定其贡献， 社会功能和心理健康功能障碍。最后，这里概述的研究目标与 这份培训计划填补了我基础科学背景中的关键空白。具体来说，我寻求获得技能， 神经内分泌学，临床研究和先进的统计方法，使我能够应用我的 跨学科的背景，声乐交流-侧重于演讲，音乐和影响-以 心理健康研究中的相关问题，因为我过渡到研究独立。