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Advanced Assessment of Auditory-Vocal Affect in Autism with Speech and Music

通过言语和音乐对自闭症患者的听觉-声音影响进行高级评估

基本信息

批准号：
10596158
负责人：
Daniel Liu Bowling
金额：
$ 17.96万
依托单位：
STANFORD UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-04-01 至 2025-03-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10596158
关键词：
Acoustics Address Adult Affect Affective Animals Applications Grants Auditory Basic Science Behavioral Big Data Biological Assay Blood Brain Diseases Clinical Clinical Research Collection Communication Complex Data Depressed mood Descriptor Diagnosis Dimensions Dose Face Foundations Functional disorder Future General Population Generations Goals Happiness Hearing Tests Human Impairment Individual Individual Differences Internet Intranasal Administration Investigation Knowledge Laboratory Study Language Lead Linguistics Major Depressive Disorder Measures Mental Health Modeling Music Nature Needles Neurobiology Neuroendocrinology Neuropeptides Outcome Oxytocin Perception Performance Placebos Poetry Psychometrics Publications Research Research Methodology Research Personnel Role Schizophrenia Signal Transduction Social Behavior Social Functioning Speech Speech Perception Statistical Methods Stimulus System Testing Thinness Time Training Uncertainty Variant Visual Voice adult with autism spectrum disorder auditory processing autism spectrum disorder autistic base behavioral phenotyping clinically relevant design digital improved individuals with autism spectrum disorder innovation insight language processing neural response skill acquisition skills social social communication social deficits social integration sound synergism trait two-dimensional

项目摘要

It is often said that humans are visual animals, but there is little doubt that our exceptional capacity for social communication is auditory-vocal in nature. Importantly, this capacity is not limited to conversational speech, but is also utilized in more abstract aspects of sound ranging over proselytizing, poetry, repetitive chant, and music. A core feature of this speech-music continuum is the ability to convey affect through sound – made possible by an auditory-vocal functionality that has evolved to reflexively attribute affect to voice-like stimuli. A system for processing auditory-vocal affect is critical to human social behavior: its refinement predicts social fluency, as individuals who are skilled at sharing in affect tend to be more socially integrated; and its impairment predicts social deficits, e.g., in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), schizophrenia, and major depressive disorder. Despite its central role in social behavior, we lack insight into the neurobiology that underlies the processing of auditory- vocal affect and why it fails to operate normally in prominent brain disorders. This gap in knowledge is directly related to the absence of a psychometrically robust, objective, and efficient assay, i.e., a “gold standard” test of Auditory-Vocal Affect. Accordingly, Aim 1 of this proposal is to develop a gold standard Test of Auditory-Vocal Affect (the “TAVA”) and collect large-scale normative data to support it. To do so I will: (a) use a combination of carefully designed speech and music stimuli to overcome obstacles faced by previous tests and tease apart issues of language processing from a core impairment in auditory-vocal affect processing; and (b) deploy the TAVA online. Aim 2 tests whether the TAVA can accurately discriminate adults with ASD from neurotypical adults in a controlled laboratory study. And Aim 3 tests whether a single-dose of intranasally administered oxytocin vs. placebo can “move the needle” on TAVA performance in ASD, as implicated in previous studies of affect processing and ASD. My overarching hypothesis is that impairment in auditory-vocal affect functionality is a fundamental but poorly defined dimension of the core social deficits that define ASD. My rationale is that deficits in the perception of affect in speech are repeatedly described in ASD but, in contrast to visuo-facial affect, remain under-interrogated and poorly understood. If I am successful, I will have defined a new standard for assessing auditory-vocal affect functionality, suitable for behavioral phenotyping and as an objective assessment in ASD specifically and in clinical research more generally. Furthermore, my results will provide a foundation for future investigations into the neurobiological bases of auditory-vocal affect that promises to define their contribution to social function and dysfunction in mental health. Finally, the research goals outlined here synergize with a training plan that fills critical gaps in my basic science background. Specifically, I seek to acquire skills in neuroendocrinology, clinical research, and advanced statistical methods that will allow me to apply my interdisciplinary background in auditory-vocal communication – focused on speech, music, and affect – to relevant problems in mental health research as I transition to research independence.

人们常说人类是视觉动物，但毫无疑问，我们非凡的社交能力沟通本质上是听觉-声音。重要的是，这种能力不仅限于会话式演讲，还包括也用于声音的更抽象方面，包括传教、诗歌、重复的圣歌和音乐。这种语音-音乐连续体的核心特征是能够通过声音传达情感——这是通过以下方式实现的：一种听觉-声音功能，已进化为反射性地将影响归因于类似声音的刺激。一个系统处理听觉-声音影响对于人类社会行为至关重要：它的完善可以预测社交流畅性，如善于分享情感的人往往更能融入社会；及其减值预测社交缺陷，例如自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD)、精神分裂症和重度抑郁症。尽管它在社会行为中的核心作用，我们缺乏对听觉处理背后的神经生物学的深入了解声音影响以及为什么它在严重的脑部疾病中无法正常运作。这种知识上的差距直接与缺乏心理测量上稳健、客观和有效的分析有关，即“金标准”测试听觉-声音影响。因此，该提案的目标 1 是制定听觉-声音测试的黄金标准影响（“TAVA”）并收集大规模规范数据来支持它。为此，我将：(a) 结合使用精心设计的语音和音乐刺激，以克服之前测试中遇到的障碍并进行区分听觉-声音情感处理核心损伤导致的语言处理问题； (b) 部署塔瓦在线。目标 2 测试 TAVA 是否能够准确区分 ASD 成人和神经正常成人在一项受控实验室研究中。目标 3 测试单剂鼻内注射催产素与直接注射催产素是否相同。正如之前的情感研究所暗示的那样，安慰剂可以“改变” ASD 患者的 TAVA 表现处理和 ASD。我的首要假设是听觉-声音情感功能的损害是一个定义自闭症谱系障碍的核心社会缺陷的基本但定义不明确的维度。我的理由是赤字自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）中反复描述了对言语情感的感知，但与视觉面部情感相比，仍然存在询问不足且了解甚少。如果我成功了，我将定义一个新的评估标准听觉-声音情感功能，适用于行为表型分析和自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的客观评估特别是在临床研究中。此外，我的成果将为未来奠定基础对听觉-声音影响的神经生物学基础的研究有望确定其对社会功能和心理健康功能障碍。最后，这里概述的研究目标与填补我基础科学背景中关键空白的培训计划。具体来说，我寻求获得以下方面的技能：神经内分泌学、临床研究和先进的统计方法将使我能够应用我的听觉-声音交流的跨学科背景——专注于言语、音乐和情感—— 当我转向独立研究时，心理健康研究中的相关问题。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（11）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Rapid evolution of the primate larynx?

DOI：
10.1371/journal.pbio.3000764
发表时间：
2020-08-01
期刊：
PLOS BIOLOGY
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Bowling, Daniel L.;Dunn, Jacob C.;Fitch, W. Tecumseh
通讯作者：
Fitch, W. Tecumseh

Selection on vocal output affects laryngeal morphology in rats.

DOI：
10.1111/joa.13366
发表时间：
2021-05
期刊：
Journal of anatomy
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Lesch R;Schwaha T;Orozco A;Shilling M;Brunelli S;Hofer M;Bowling DL;Zimmerberg B;Fitch WT
通讯作者：
Fitch WT

Oxytocin and the social facilitation of placebo effects.