5/21 ABCD-USA Consortium: Research Project Site at UC San Diego

青少年大脑认知发展（ABCD）是最大的长期研究大脑 美国的儿童健康和发展。ABCD研究联盟由 全国21个研究中心，一个协调中心，一个数据分析中心， 信息资源中心。在最初的五年里，根据RFA-DA-15-015，ABCD招收了一名 来自该联盟的11，878名9-10岁儿童的不同样本，并将跟踪他们的 从青春期到青年期的生物和行为发展。所有 参与者接受了全面的基线评估，包括最先进的大脑 成像，神经心理学测试，生物测定，药物使用的仔细评估，精神 健康、身体健康、文化和环境。类似的详细评估再次出现 每两年一次。中期年度面谈和年中电话或移动的应用程序 评估提供了发展变化和生活事件的精确时间分辨率， 随着时间的推移发生，对参与的青少年和父母的负担最小。密集的努力是 使绝大多数参与者在青春期参与研究， 到目前为止，保留率非常高。神经影像学拓展了我们的 了解从童年到成年的大脑发育。使用这种和其他切割- 边缘技术，ABCD可以确定不同类型的青少年体验（如 体育，学校参与，课外活动，视频游戏，社交媒体，不健康的睡眠 模式，和vaping）相互作用，并与孩子不断变化的生物学影响大脑 发展和社会，行为，学术，健康和其他成果。数据，安全和 与科学界私下分享，将使研究人员能够：（1）描述个人 神经、认知、情感和学术功能方面的发展途径，以及 影响因素;（2）制定健康脑发育的国家标准;（3）调查 基因和环境在发育中的作用和相互作用;（4）研究如何 身体活动，睡眠，屏幕时间，运动损伤（包括创伤性脑损伤），以及其他 经验影响大脑发育;（5）确定和复制影响大脑发育的因素。 从童年到青年的心理健康;（6）表征心理之间的关系 健康和物质使用;以及（7）具体说明如何使用大麻，酒精， 烟草和咖啡因影响发育结果，以及神经，认知，情感， 环境因素影响青少年使用药物的风险。

Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) is the largest long-term study of brain development and child health in the United States. The ABCD Research Consortium consists of 21 research sites across the country, a Coordinating Center, and a Data Analysis and Informatics Resource Center. In its first five years, under RFA-DA-15-015, ABCD enrolled a diverse sample of 11,878 9-10 year-olds from across the consortium, and will track their biological and behavioral development through adolescence into young adulthood. All participants received a comprehensive baseline assessment, including state-of-the-art brain imaging, neuropsychological testing, bioassays, careful assessment of substance use, mental health, physical health, and culture and environment. A similar detailed assessment recurs every 2 years. Interim in-person annual interviews and mid-year telephone or mobile app assessments provide refined temporal resolution of developmental changes and life events that occur over time with minimal burden to participating youth and parents. Intensive efforts are made to keep the vast majority of participants involved with the study through adolescence and beyond, and retention rates thus far are very high. Neuroimaging has expanded our understanding of brain development from childhood into adulthood. Using this and other cutting- edge technologies, ABCD can determine how different kinds of youth experiences (such as sports, school involvement, extracurricular activities, videogames, social media, unhealthy sleep patterns, and vaping) interact with each other and with a child's changing biology to affect brain development and social, behavioral, academic, health, and other outcomes. Data, securely and privately shared with the scientific community, will enable investigators to: (1) describe individual developmental pathways in terms of neural, cognitive, emotional, and academic functioning, and influencing factors; (2) develop national standards of healthy brain development; (3) investigate the roles and interaction of genes and the environment on development; (4) examine how physical activity, sleep, screen time, sports injuries (including traumatic brain injuries), and other experiences influence brain development; (5) determine and replicate factors that influence mental health from childhood to young adulthood; (6) characterize relationships between mental health and substance use; and (7) specify how use of substances such as cannabis, alcohol, tobacco, and caffeine affects developmental outcomes, and how neural, cognitive, emotional, and environmental factors influence the risk for adolescent substance use.