Biological Mechanisms of Food-Related Decision Making

食品相关决策的生物学机制

• 批准号: 10405938
• 负责人: Michael Nitabach
• 金额: $ 41.88万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-20 至 2027-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10405938
• 关键词: Animals; Appearance; Behavioral; Biological; Biological Models; Caenorhabditis elegans; Characteristics; Conflict (Psychology); Consumption; Decision Making; Diabetes Mellitus; Disease; Drosophila genus; Drosophila melanogaster; Food; Foundations; Fruit; Functional disorder; Heart Diseases; Human; Life; Mammals; Molecular; Nematoda; Obesity; Opsin; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Process; Research; Smell Perception; Taste Perception; Touch sensation; color detection; detection platform; fly; insight; multisensory; neuromechanism; neuroregulation; relating to nervous system

Consumption or rejection of food are outcomes of a hierarchical multisensory decision- making process. Food-related decisions must frequently resolve conflicts, such as whether to consume a fruit that is visually appealing but smells rotten. Such decisions require neural substrates for evaluating characteristics of food—appearance, smell, taste, touch—and comparing/contrasting such characteristics to decide whether to approach, assess, and/or consume. We study food-related decision making in Drosophila melanogaster flies and Caenorhabditis elegans nematode worms, which have simpler behavioral repertoires, are highly experimentally tractable, and have proven utility at generating biological insights of relevance to mammalian model systems and human beings. The proposed Drosophila studies provide detailed mechanistic understanding of the circuit substrates, neuromodulatory pathways, and neural encoding of sweet/bittersweet food choice in Drosophila, and a foundation for research more broadly into decision making under conflicting information. The proposed C. elegans studies provide extensive evidence of worm color detection and the underlying cellular/molecular mechanisms, revealing pathways that could underlie an evolutionarily ancient opsin-independent color detection system present in other animals including mammals.

进食或拒绝食物是多感官决策的结果- 制作过程。与食品相关的决策必须经常解决冲突，例如是否 吃一种看起来诱人但闻起来腐烂的水果。这些决定需要神经 评价食品特性的基质--外观、气味、味道、触觉和 比较/对比这些特征，以决定是否接近、评估和/或 消费。我们研究了果蝇与食物相关的决策， 秀丽隐杆线虫蠕虫，具有简单的行为特征， 实验上易于处理，并已证明在产生与以下相关的生物学见解方面的实用性： 哺乳动物模型系统和人类。拟进行的果蝇研究提供了 详细的电路基板，神经调节通路的机械理解， 果蝇对甜/不甜食物选择的神经编码和研究基础 更广泛地说，是在信息冲突的情况下做出的决策。建议的C. elegans 研究提供了广泛的证据，蠕虫的颜色检测和潜在的 细胞/分子机制，揭示了可能导致进化上的 古老的视蛋白独立的颜色检测系统存在于其他动物，包括哺乳动物。