Respond to Emerging Dissensus: SuPranational Instruments and Norms of European Democracy

红尖晶石代表“回应新出现的分歧：欧洲民主的超国家文书和规范”。它是一个跨学科和跨部门的研究和创新行动，汇集了来自8个欧洲国家的11个伙伴组织。它将共同分析围绕自由民主的不同意见的性质变化及其对欧盟超国家政策工具的影响。红色尖晶石将揭开围绕自由民主的当代分歧的相互关联的驱动因素。它的发现将植根于理论创新和原创的实证分析。它将围绕“异议”这一概念开展概念建设工作，首先将探讨当代围绕自由民主的异议与以往的辩论有何不同，其次将探讨它对未来民主实践和法治提出的根本问题。最终，红尖晶石将提供上述异议的类型学，绘制出欧洲异议的主要参与者，并揭示其两个潜在驱动因素，即围绕自由民主的内部竞争加剧和来自替代非自由主义模式的外部竞争。从经验上看，红尖晶石将专注于塑造欧盟支持民主和法治努力的关键政策工具和法律机制。所研究的文书包括欧盟法治工具箱、邻国和加入文书、欧洲学期、基本权利和司法文书以及公民参与平台。此外，通过一系列利益攸关方活动，红尖晶石将充实其调查结果对公共政策利益攸关方(即法律专业人员、政策制定者、欧洲青年)以及旨在回应上述异议的欧盟文书的影响。该项目将制定一系列有科学依据的政策建议和能力建设努力，以促进创新的民主做法，并对当今的分歧作出回应。

RED-SPINEL stands for 'Respond to Emerging Dissensus: SuPranational Instruments and Norms of European democracy'. It is an interdisciplinary and intersectoral Research and Innovation Action bringing together 11 partner organisations from 8 European countries. It will jointly analyse the changing nature of dissensus surrounding liberal democracy and its implications for EU supranational policy instruments. RED-SPINEL will unpack the inter-connected drivers of contemporary dissensus surrounding liberal democracy. Its findings will be rooted in theoretical innovation and original empirical analyses. Its concept-building effort centred on the notion of 'dissensus' will explore first, how contemporary dissensus surrounding liberal democracy differs from previous debates and second, the fundamental questions it raises about future democratic practices and the rule of law. Ultimately, RED-SPINEL will provide a typology of said dissensus, map the principal actors of the dissensus in Europe and unpack its two underlying drivers i.e., heightened internal contestation over liberal democracy and external competition from alternative illiberal models. Empirically, RED-SPINEL will focus on the key policy instruments and legal mechanisms shaping the EU's efforts in support of democracy and the rule of law. The studied instruments include the EU rule of law toolbox, the neighbourhood and accession instruments, the European semester, fundamental rights and judicial instruments, as well as citizen participation platforms. Furthermore, through a series of stakeholder events, RED-SPINEL will flesh out the implications of its findings for public policy stakeholders (i.e., legal professionals, policymakers, European youth) as well as EU instruments aimed at responding to said dissensus. The project will develop a range of scientifically informed policy recommendations and capacity-building efforts able to foster innovative democratic practices and respond to the present-day dissensus.