Respond to Emerging Dissensus: SuPranational Instruments and Norms of European Democracy

RED-SPINEL代表“对新兴分歧的回应：欧洲民主的超国家手段和规范”。这是一个跨学科和跨部门的研究和创新行动，汇集了来自8个欧洲国家的11个合作组织。它将共同分析围绕自由民主的不同意见的变化性质及其对欧盟超国家政策工具的影响。RED-SPINEL将揭示当代围绕自由民主的不同意见的相互关联的驱动因素。它的发现将植根于理论创新和原始的实证分析。它的概念构建工作以“异议”的概念为中心，首先将探讨围绕自由民主的当代异议与以前的辩论有何不同，其次，它提出了关于未来民主实践和法治的基本问题。最终，RED-SPINEL将提供上述不同意见的类型，绘制出欧洲不同意见的主要参与者，并揭示其两个潜在驱动因素，即对自由民主的内部争论加剧和来自其他非自由模式的外部竞争。从经验上看，RED-SPINEL将侧重于欧盟支持民主和法治工作的关键政策工具和法律机制。研究的工具包括欧盟法治工具箱、邻国和加入工具、欧洲学期、基本权利和司法工具以及公民参与平台。此外，通过一系列利益相关者活动，RED-SPINEL将充实其调查结果对公共政策利益相关者（即法律专业人士、政策制定者、欧洲青年）的影响，以及旨在回应上述不同意见的欧盟工具。该项目将制定一系列有科学依据的政策建议和能力建设工作，以促进创新的民主做法，并对目前的不同意见作出反应。

RED-SPINEL stands for 'Respond to Emerging Dissensus: SuPranational Instruments and Norms of European democracy'. It is an interdisciplinary and intersectoral Research and Innovation Action bringing together 11 partner organisations from 8 European countries. It will jointly analyse the changing nature of dissensus surrounding liberal democracy and its implications for EU supranational policy instruments. RED-SPINEL will unpack the inter-connected drivers of contemporary dissensus surrounding liberal democracy. Its findings will be rooted in theoretical innovation and original empirical analyses. Its concept-building effort centred on the notion of 'dissensus' will explore first, how contemporary dissensus surrounding liberal democracy differs from previous debates and second, the fundamental questions it raises about future democratic practices and the rule of law. Ultimately, RED-SPINEL will provide a typology of said dissensus, map the principal actors of the dissensus in Europe and unpack its two underlying drivers i.e., heightened internal contestation over liberal democracy and external competition from alternative illiberal models. Empirically, RED-SPINEL will focus on the key policy instruments and legal mechanisms shaping the EU's efforts in support of democracy and the rule of law. The studied instruments include the EU rule of law toolbox, the neighbourhood and accession instruments, the European semester, fundamental rights and judicial instruments, as well as citizen participation platforms. Furthermore, through a series of stakeholder events, RED-SPINEL will flesh out the implications of its findings for public policy stakeholders (i.e., legal professionals, policymakers, European youth) as well as EU instruments aimed at responding to said dissensus. The project will develop a range of scientifically informed policy recommendations and capacity-building efforts able to foster innovative democratic practices and respond to the present-day dissensus.