Molecular basis of adaptation in a chemosensory system

化学感应系统适应的分子基础

• 批准号: 10410734
• 负责人: Hany Dweck
• 金额: $ 12.32万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-02-10 至 2027-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10410734
• 关键词: Adaptive Behaviors; Address; Affect; Agriculture; Alleles; Behavior; Behavioral; Binding Sites; Biological; Biological Models; Biology; CRISPR/Cas technology; Candidate Disease Gene; Cells; Chemicals; Code; Complex; Cues; Cytochrome P450; Drosophila genus; Electrophysiology (science); Enhancers; Environment; Enzymes; Evolution; Family; Fruit; Gene Combinations; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Models; Glutathione S-Transferase; Goals; In Situ Hybridization; Individual; Insect Control; Insect Vectors; Insecta; Knowledge; Label; Lead; Leg; Logic; Modeling; Molecular; Molecular Genetics; Molecular Target; Neuraxis; Neurons; Organism; Oviposition; Pattern; Perception; Persons; Plants; Play; RNA; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Role; Stimulus; System; Taste Perception; Testing; Toxin; base; design; economic implication; egg; experimental study; fly; human disease; loss of function mutation; mutant; preference; receptor; response; sensory system; taste system; tool; transcriptome sequencing; vector

Project Summary The long-term goal of this project is to elucidate at the molecular and cellular levels how chemosensory systems function and evolve so as to generate new behaviors that are adaptive to new environments. It focuses on one of the most ancient and fundamental problems in biology: how sensory systems adapt to allow an organism to exploit a new environment. Drosophila suzukii provides an excellent opportunity to decipher chemosensory mechanisms that have contributed to its unique oviposition behavior. Whereas other species of Drosophila lay eggs in fermenting fruit of no value, D. suzukii lays eggs in ripe fruit, ruining crops. The oviposition preferences of flies are based largely on taste. This proposal takes advantage of the wealth of knowledge about the mechanisms of taste in D. melanogaster. We aim to elucidate how these mechanisms have changed in D. suzukii to produce a preference for ripe, as opposed to overripe, fruits. The first aim will provide a rigorous analysis of the expression and functional requirements of candidate genes in the oviposition shift of D. suzukii. The experimental plan is designed to test hypotheses as to molecular mechanisms underlying the oviposition shift of D. suzukii. The second aim will provide a rigorous analysis of the role of candidate genes in oviposition preference for individual candidate oviposition cues. The proposed experiments are designed to identify key oviposition cues, to test them behaviorally, and to examine the role of candidate genes in the oviposition preference to them. The third aim takes advantage of a recent advance in electrophysiology that allows an unprecedented view of how a taste system has evolved at the cellular level. It will elucidate the cellular basis of a major shift in oviposition behavior that has immense economic implications. It may decipher the molecular logic of taste coding of a complex natural stimulus. Advances in understanding how the chemosensory systems function and evolve may lead to new means of controlling agricultural pests and insect vectors of human diseases, which afflict hundreds of millions of people each year.

项目总结