Development & Malleability from Childhood to Adulthood

发展

• 批准号: 10410479
• 负责人: NICHOLAS S IALONGO
• 金额: $ 69.45万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-01 至 2024-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10410479
• 关键词: Academic achievement; Adolescence; Adult; African American; African American population; Age; Anxiety; Baltimore; Behavior; Birth; Characteristics; Child Rearing; Childhood; Coercion; Communities; Country; DNA; Data; Dependence; Development; Disease; Distal; Economically Deprived Population; Epidemiology; Epigenetic Process; Family; Future; Genetic; Habits; Housing; Income; Independent Living; Insecta; Intervention; Knowledge; Lead; Length; Marriage; Measures; Mediation; Mediator of activation protein; Modeling; Molds; Nature; Neighborhoods; Occupations; Outcome; Participant; Pathogenicity; Peer Group; Phenotype; Population; Prevention trial; Randomized; Riots; Rodent; Role; Schools; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Stress; Substance abuse problem; Telomerase; Time; Variant; Wages; Work; antisocial behavior; base; child depression; disorder risk; elementary school; emerging adult; falls; first grade; high risk sexual behavior; meetings; preventive intervention; prospective; psychiatric symptom; racial discrimination; social; sound; substance use; teacher; telomere; violent crime; young adult

Abstract The central purpose of the proposed study is to extend through ages 31-35 an examination of normal and pathogenic development and the impact of two, universal, first grade, preventive interventions on the distal targets of: antisocial behavior, substance abuse/dependence, psychiatric symptoms/disorders, high risk sexual behavior, and successful adaptation to the relevant developmental demands of the educational, work, romantic relationships, and family (both family of procreation and origin/orientation) social fields/contexts. This study capitalizes on the scientific value of 1) a prospective, developmental epidemiological prevention trial involving a population (N = 798) of urban, predominately African-American young adults, who began first grade in the fall of 1993 in 9 elementary schools in predominantly low to lower middle-income Baltimore areas96. Participants and teachers were randomly assigned to one of two universal, elementary school-based, preventive interventions, or a control condition. Both interventions—the Family School Partnership (FSP) and Classroom- Centered (CC)--targeted aggressive-coercive behavior and poor academic achievement as antecedents of the distal outcomes elaborated above. Annual data on these outcomes and their hypothesized phenotypic moderators and mediators, including participant, family, peer group, school, and neighborhood characteristics, have been collected from 1st grade through age 26. DNA was obtained in early adulthood, which has allowed examination of the interplay between genetic and phenotypic factors in explaining variation in developmental and intervention outcomes. The proposed annual assessments will allow a more precise assessment of the timing and sequencing of the interplay of phenotypic and genetic influences, including the interventions, on successful adaptation to the relevant developmental challenges between the ages of 31-35. Similarly, we will continue to study the role of phenotypic and genetic factors and the impact of the interventions on the development and course of substance use/abuse/dependence, psychiatric symptoms/disorders, antisocial behavior/disorder, and high risk sexual behavior through young adulthood. Finally, we will also assess potential epigenetic effects in terms of change in telomere length and telomerase activity as a function of accumulative stress over time and the interventions as moderators of the stress/telomere relationship. The knowledge accrued over the course of the proposed assessments should serve to inform the nature, targets, and timing of our future preventive intervention efforts.

抽象的 拟议研究的中心目的是延长 31 至 35 岁的正常和 病原体的发展以及两种普遍的一级预防性干预措施对远端的影响 目标：反社会行为、药物滥用/依赖、精神症状/紊乱、高危性行为 行为，并成功适应教育、工作、浪漫的相关发展要求 人际关系和家庭（包括生育家庭和出身/取向）社会领域/背景。这项研究 利用以下科学价值：1) 一项前瞻性、发展性流行病学预防试验，涉及 城市人口 (N = 798)，主要是非裔美国年轻人，秋季开始一年级 1993 年在巴尔的摩低收入和中低收入地区的 9 所小学开展了这项活动96。参加者 教师被随机分配到两个通用的、以小学为基础的预防性 干预措施或控制条件。两种干预措施——家庭学校合作伙伴关系（FSP）和课堂—— 中心（CC）——以攻击性强制行为和学业成绩不佳为前因 如上所述的远端结果。有关这些结果及其假设表型的年度数据 主持人和调解员，包括参与者、家庭、同伴群体、学校和社区特征， 是从一年级到 26 岁收集的。DNA 是在成年早期获得的，这使得 检查遗传和表型因素之间的相互作用以解释发育变异 和干预结果。拟议的年度评估将能够更准确地评估 表型和遗传影响相互作用的时间和顺序，包括干预措施， 成功适应31-35岁之间的相关发展挑战。同样，我们将 继续研究表型和遗传因素的作用以及干预措施对 物质使用/滥用/依赖的发展和过程、精神症状/障碍、反社会 行为/障碍，以及成年早期的高风险性行为。最后，我们还将评估 端粒长度和端粒酶活性变化的潜在表观遗传效应 随着时间的推移累积的压力以及作为压力/端粒关系调节因素的干预措施。这 在拟议评估过程中积累的知识应有助于了解评估的性质、目标、 以及我们未来预防性干预工作的时间安排。