Electrophysiological Read-Out of Interoceptive Processing in the Insula

项目摘要/摘要 在精神和神经疾病中观察到异常的内感加工，其中 症状是由弥漫的身体感觉引起的：重度抑郁症患者普遍存在的负面情绪，强迫症 强迫症患者有强烈的冲动，抽动症患者有抽搐的冲动，上瘾时有渴求。尽管 在临床上缺乏神经内脏相互作用的数据 人口。这种知识差距可以部分归因于对客观的、神经的测量的需要 内感加工。一种候选的神经测量方法是心跳诱发电位(HEP)，即大脑 时间锁定在心跳上的电生理信号，被认为指示压力感受器感觉 胸腔。虽然很有希望，但这种信号的基本特征尚不清楚，这限制了它的应用 机制和临床研究。HEP的皮质来源已在岛上被确定，但在空间上 在不同的实验范式中，时间特征是不同的。这表明具有多种功能 HEP指数的相关来源和皮质来源，包括脑岛。一个额外的挑战是，半岛 可能太深，不适合非侵入性记录和调制，这需要侵入性神经记录来 解释非侵入性措施。目标1验证HEP的神经源发生器与同步 有创立体脑电和头皮表面致密阵列脑电，同时患者完成 一组相互感知的任务。目的2研究感觉间注意过程中的神经网络动力学， 唤醒和期待：理论认为关键的临床症状(例如抽搐、强迫、负面情绪)是 学习行为对内感线索的反应，我们检验了内感活动的特定假设 是基于奖励的决策的预测者，特别是当决策需要凭直觉去做的时候 作为奖励结果的策略是学习的。关键的是，目标3随后将深呼吸策略应用于 策略性地干扰心脏动力学，并消除HEP信号的功能相关性。结果 定义HEP信号的属性，此测量策略必须知道这些属性才能告知和验证 异常内感回路动力学模型，涉及对身体痛苦的不良适应反应。

Project Summary / Abstract Abnormal interoceptive processing is observed across psychiatric and neurological conditions wherein core symptoms are motivated by diffuse bodily feeling: pervasive negative mood in Major Depression, compulsive urge in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, urge to tic in Tourette Syndrome, and craving in addiction. Despite the prevalence of interoceptive abnormality, there is a scarcity of data on neurovisceral interactions in clinical populations. This knowledge gap can be attributed in part to a need for objective, neural measures of interoceptive processing. A candidate neural measure is the heartbeat evoked potential (HEP), a brain electrophysiological signal that is time-locked to the heartbeat and thought to index baroreceptor sensation in the chest cavity. While promising, basic characteristics of this signal are unknown, which limits its application to mechanistic and clinical research. Cortical sources of the HEP have been identified in the insula, yet spatial and temporal characteristics diverge across experimental paradigms. This suggests multiple functional correlates and cortical sources of the HEP index, including the insula. An added challenge is that the insula may be too deep for non-invasive recording and modulation, which necessitates invasive neural recording to explain non-invasive measures. Aim 1 validates neural source generators of the HEP with simultaneous invasive stereoelectroencephalography and dense array EEG on the scalp surface, while patients complete a battery of interoceptive tasks. Aim 2 investigates neural network dynamics during interoceptive attention, arousal and anticipation: theorizing that key clinical symptoms (e.g., tic, compulsions, negative mood) are learned behaviors in response to interoceptive cues, we test the specific hypothesis that interoceptive activity is a predictor of reward-based decisions, particularly when decision-making demands a go with your gut strategy as reward outcomes are learned. Critically, Aim 3 then applies a deep breathing strategy to strategically perturb cardiac dynamics and disambiguate functional correlates of the HEP signal. Outcomes define properties of the HEP signal that must be known for this measurement strategy to inform and validate models of abnormal interoceptive circuit dynamics involving maladaptive responses to bodily distress.