Research training in chronic, non-communicable respiratory diseases in Peru

项目总结 慢性肺部疾病加上环境暴露是一个日益严重的公共卫生问题 秘鲁，乃至全球。室内和室外空气污染、烟草烟雾、职业烟雾和暴露 造成秘鲁慢性呼吸道疾病的负担。社会因素，如社会经济地位低和 性别进一步加剧了这种暴露风险。例如，在安第斯山脉的高海拔社区， 约10%的成年人患有慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)，主要影响 女人。家庭空气污染是慢性阻塞性肺病的主要危险因素，在贫困的农村家庭中很常见 生物质燃料用于烹饪，占秘鲁女性COPD病例的一半以上(55%) 高地社区。注意到这些风险和不断增加的风险，研究的需求越来越大。 解决原因并制定干预措施，以对抗导致慢性病的环境暴露 秘鲁的肺病流行。这份NIH D43培训补助金的申请是由 威廉·切克利，医学博士，马里兰州巴尔的摩约翰·霍普金斯大学博士，斯特拉·哈廷格， 秘鲁利马的Peruana Cayetano Heredia大学利用我们之间30年的合作 各机构为有前途的秘鲁年轻研究科学家和 健康专业人士。这一群体将有机会专注于环境健康和慢性疾病 在国际知名教师和顾问的指导和支持下进行肺部疾病研究 在环境和肺部研究方面，从大气科学家到实施 研究人员。该方案将提供强化培训机会，并在以下范围内建设培训能力 科学学科(临床流行病学、暴露评估、疗效试验、实施科学) 与解决环境暴露和肺部疾病研究有关的硕士、博士和 博士后水平。拟议的培训方案将为两名来自秘鲁的博士生提供支持。 在JHBSPH和UPCH的五名硕士研究生的五年授权期内，我们将 支持五名秘鲁博士后研究员申请UJMT全球福格蒂健康研究员 计划(JHU PD：Checkley)。该计划的长期目标是建立一个可持续和协作的 研究-培训基础设施，以支持为复合体的有效性生成证据 解决这些健康问题的干预措施，以及将这一证据转化为政策和公众 秘鲁的健康实践。此应用程序响应PAR-18-901的合作机构 包括福格蒂国际中心和国家环境卫生研究院 通过其对慢性肺部疾病和环境暴露的关注，开展了一系列科学活动。

PROJECT SUMMARY Chronic pulmonary diseases coupled with environmental exposures present a growing public health problem in Peru, and globally. Indoor and outdoor air pollution, tobacco smoke and occupational fumes and exposures all contribute to burden of chronic respiratory disease in Peru. Social factors such a low socioeconomic status and gender further compound this exposure risk. For instance, in high altitude communities in the Andes, approximately 10% of adults are living with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), affecting primarily women. Household air pollution, a major risk factor for COPD, is common in poor rural households where biomass fuels are used for cooking and accounts for over half (55%) of COPD cases in women in Peruvian highland communities. Noting these risks and increased exposure, there is an ever-growing need for research to address the causes and develop interventions to combat the environmental exposures driving the chronic pulmonary disease epidemic in Peru. This application for the NIH D43 Training Grant, a collaboration between William Checkley, MD, PhD at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, MD and Stella Hartinger, PhD at Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia in Lima, Peru, leverages 30 years of collaborations between our institutions to build a training and research program for promising, young Peruvian research scientists and health professionals. This cohort will have the opportunity to focus on environmental health and chronic pulmonary disease research with the mentorship and support of international, renowned faculty and advisors within environmental and pulmonary research, ranging from atmospheric scientists to implementation researchers. The program will provide intensive training opportunities and build training capacity in the range of scientific disciplines (clinical epidemiology, exposure assessment, efficacy trials, implementation science) relevant to addressing environmental exposure and pulmonary disease research at the masters, PhD and post-doctoral levels. The proposed training program will provide support to two doctoral students from Peru at JHBSPH and five master’s degree students at UPCH over the five-year award period and we will support five Peruvian postdoctoral fellows in their applications to the UJMT Global Fogarty Health Fellows program (JHU PD: Checkley). The long-term goal of this program is to build a sustainable and collaborative research-training infrastructure to support the generation of evidence for the effectiveness of complex interventions to address these health issues, as well as the translation of this evidence to policy and public health practice in Peru. This application is responsive to partnering institutions of PAR-18-901 including the Fogarty International Center and the National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences through its focus on chronic pulmonary diseases and environmental exposures.